Mapping individual tree location, height and species in broadleaved deciduous forest using airborne LIDAR and multi‐spectral remotely sensed data

Koukoulas, Sotirios; Blackburn, George Alan

doi:10.1080/0143116042000298289

Cited by 118 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The RMSE was relatively large, 2.18 m, but this value was similar to that found by Hollaus et al (2006) and might be explained by operator based errors made in the field measurements. Subsequently, the quality of the LiDAR derived CHM was found to be equivalent to that noted by previous contributors (Akay et al, 2012;Clark et al, 2004;Koukoulas and Blackburn, 2005;Morsdorf et al, 2004).…”

Section: Validation Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

LiDAR derived ecological integrity indicators for riparian zones: Application to the Houille river in Southern Belgium/Northern France

Michez¹,

Piégay²,

Toromanoff³

et al. 2013

Ecological Indicators

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a b s t r a c tRiparian zones are central landscape features providing several ecosystem services and are exceptionally rich in biodiversity. Despite their relatively low area coverage, riparian zones consequently represent a major concern for land and water resource managers confirmed within several European directives. These directives involve effective multi-scale monitoring to assess their conditions and their ability to carry out their functions. The objective of this research was to develop automated tools to provide from a single aerial LiDAR dataset new mapping tools and keystone riparian zone attributes assessing the ecological integrity of the riparian zone at a network scale (24 km).Different metrics were extracted from the original LiDAR point cloud, notably the Digital Terrain Model and Canopy Height Model rasters, allowing the extraction of riparian zones attributes such as the wetted channel (0.89 m; mean residual) and floodplain extents (6.02 m; mean residual). Different riparian forest characteristics were directly extracted from these layers (patch extent, overhanging character, longitudinal continuity, relative water level, mean and relative standard deviation of tree height). Within the riparian forest, the coniferous stands were distinguished from deciduous and isolated trees, with high accuracy (87.3%, Kappa index).Going further the mapping of the indicators, our study proposed an original approach to study the riparian zone attributes within different buffer width, from local scale (50 m long channel axis reach) to a network scale (ca. 2 km long reaches), using a disaggregation/re-agraggation process. This novel approach, combined to graphical presentations of the results allow natural resource managers to visualise the variation of upstream-downstream attributes and to identify priority action areas.In the case study, results showed a general decrease of the riparian forests when the river crosses built-up areas. They also highlighted the lower flooding frequency of riparian forest patches in habitats areas.Those results showed that LiDAR data can be used to extract indicators of ecological integrity of riparian zones in temperate climate zone. They will enable the assessment of the ecological integrity of riparian zones to be undertaken at the regional scale (13,000 km, completely covered by an aerial LIDAR survey in 2014).

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Section: Validation Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

LiDAR derived ecological integrity indicators for riparian zones: Application to the Houille river in Southern Belgium/Northern France

Michez¹,

Piégay²,

Toromanoff³

et al. 2013

Ecological Indicators

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show abstract

“…The 3D attributes of discrete-return single frequency Li-DAR have been used to classify open water and wetland surfaces (Hogg and Todd 2007;Goodale et al 2007;Crasto et al 2015); forested land cover types and species (Moffiet et al 2005;Antonarakis et al 2008;Vaukonen et al 2010;Korpela et al 2010). LiDAR 3D derivatives have also been combined with passive multispectral data in forest environment classifications (Koukoulas and Blackburn 2005;Holmgren et al 2008;Ke et al 2010;Millard and Richardson 2013;Yang et al 2014). Traditionally, however, single-frequency LiDAR signal intensity alone (i.e., through intensity thresholding) has not been considered of high value for species classification due to the many controls, in addition to surface reflectance, that influence intensity values (Moffiet et al 2005;Hopkinson 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisensor and Multispectral LiDAR Characterization and Classification of a Forest Environment

Hopkinson

Chasmer

Gynan³

et al. 2016

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing

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Abstract. Airborne LiDAR is increasingly used in forest carbon, ecosystem, and resource monitoring. For practical design and manufacture reasons, the 1064 nm near-infrared (NIR) wavelength has been the most commonly adopted, and most literature in this field represents sampling characteristics in this wavelength. However, due to eye-safety and application-specific needs, other common wavelengths are 1550 nm and 532 nm. All provide canopy structure reconstructions that can be integrated or compared through space and time but the consistency or complementarity of 3D airborne LiDAR data sampled at multiple wavelengths is poorly understood. Here, we report on multispectral LiDAR missions carried out in 2013 and 2015 over a managed forest research site. The 1st used 3 independent sensors, and the 2nd used a single sensor carrying 3 lasers. The experiment revealed differences in proportions of returns at ground level, vertical foliage distributions, and gap probability across wavelengths. Canopy attenuation was greatest at 532 nm, presumably due to leaf tissue absorption. Relative to 1064 nm, foliage was undersampled at midheight percentiles at 1550 nm and 532 nm. Multisensor data demonstrated differences in foliage characterization due to combined influences of wavelength and acquisition configuration. Single-sensor multispectral data were more stable but demonstrated clear wavelength-dependent variation that could be exploited in intensity-based land cover classification without the aid of 3D derivatives. This work sets the stage for improvements in land surface classification and vertical foliage partitioning through the integration of active spectral and structural laser return information.

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“…Knowledge of the spatial distribution of trees, including species and size attributes, allows to better understand forest dynamics and growth as most natural processes operate at a certain spatial scale (Lähde et al 1999, Stoyan & Penttinen 2000, Koukoulas & Blackburn 2005, McElhinny et al 2006, Pukkala & Gadow 2012. The present paper is focused on the structural diversity of the natural regeneration observed in a continental lowland temperate forest in Poland in the eleven years following the windthrow of 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial diversity of forest regeneration after catastrophic wind in northeastern Poland

Szmyt

Dobrowolska

2016

iForest

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We examined the spatial diversity of young growth established after the catastrophic windthrow occurred in 2002 in the northeastern part of Poland. Our observations and measurements were conducted on permanent circular measurement plots located in the Szast Protected Forest (continental lowland temperate forests) that were established 3 years after the windstorm and left to natural succession. We evaluated the spatial indices characterizing the four main aspects of stand structure: the spatial arrangement of seedlings and saplings, species mingling, tree size diversity at the local spatial scale and the overall structural complexity index. The calculations were conducted in parts of the forest with differing severity of disturbance. The obtained results indicated the prevalence of a random arrangement of young growth. Clumps of regeneration were observed to a lesser degree in all parts of the forest. The species diversity was moderate and was the highest in the slightly or severely disturbed stands. Scots pine formed homogenous groups of regeneration and oaks were intermingled among other tree species. The height of the natural regeneration was moderately or highly differentiated in all stands. The overall structural diversity index showed that stand regeneration in the slightly or moderately disturbed stands was more differentiated than the young growth in the severely disturbed stands. The size differentiation of young growth is a long-lasting process and thus should be considered in practices aimed at the re-growing of areas after a natural disturbance. This process might be used to the replace monocultures with more diversified forests even in poor forest site types.

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Mapping individual tree location, height and species in broadleaved deciduous forest using airborne LIDAR and multi‐spectral remotely sensed data

Cited by 118 publications

References 20 publications

LiDAR derived ecological integrity indicators for riparian zones: Application to the Houille river in Southern Belgium/Northern France

LiDAR derived ecological integrity indicators for riparian zones: Application to the Houille river in Southern Belgium/Northern France

Multisensor and Multispectral LiDAR Characterization and Classification of a Forest Environment

Spatial diversity of forest regeneration after catastrophic wind in northeastern Poland

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