Mapping evidence on management of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: scoping review protocol

Zibako, Petmore; Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni; Tsikai, Nomsa; Manyame, Sarah; Ginindza, Themba G.

doi:10.1186/s13643-021-01740-3

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…A combination of all the above-mentioned factors may justify the significantly higher proportion of cases of advanced stage disease (53.5%) encountered in IPOLFG. Our results are in line with published literature, which reveal that up to 80% of all cases of CC in LMICs are diagnosed in an advanced stage [46].…”

Section: Diagnosissupporting

confidence: 93%

Cervical cancer in Cape Verde: reappraisal upon referral to a tertiary cancer centre

Vilares¹,

Ciabattoni²,

Cunha³

et al. 2022

ecancer

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Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the first cause of cancer-related deaths among Cape Verdean women. The absence of a national screening programme and a lack of dedicated cancer treatment facilities contribute to its high mortality rate. In an effort to improve the prognosis of these women, a health cooperation agreement was established between Portugal and Cape Verde (CV), allowing their evacuation to Portuguese hospitals. Our aim was to characterise CC among CV women, and to assess the response given to these patients in Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), so that their treatment and follow-up protocols can be optimised and overall prognosis improved.Methods: Retrospective evaluation of women diagnosed with CC in CV that underwent therapy in IPOLFG between 2013 and 2020. Risk factors, demographic and tumour characteristics, treatment and outcomes were reviewed.Results: Fifty-eight patients were included. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent (91.5%) histological type. HPV DNA was present in 25 out of 26 samples.The agreement rate between the pathology analysis performed in CV and in Portugal was high (87.9%); however, the agreement regarding the FIGO stage was low (15.5%). This may be explained by both the time interval between diagnosis and treatment (around 6 months) and by the absence of resources to accurately stage the disease in CV. In IPOLFG, 77.6% of patients received combined chemo-radiotherapy. Post-treatment follow-up varied widely, due to disease-related and bureaucratic issues. Eighteen patients developed cancer-related complications and/or cancer-related death. The survival rate and median overall survival (OS) in our cohort were of 89.7% and 73.2 months, respectively. Conclusions:Although most women had advanced-stage disease, the OS in our cohort was better than what has been reported for other African countries, probably because state-ofthe-art treatment, frequently not accessible in those countries, was offered to all patients.

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Section: Diagnosissupporting

confidence: 93%

Cervical cancer in Cape Verde: reappraisal upon referral to a tertiary cancer centre

Vilares¹,

Ciabattoni²,

Cunha³

et al. 2022

ecancer

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“…This review also adhered to the steps and guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist [ 28 ]. Protocol for this review was published a priori [ 29 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Evidence on Management of Cervical Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: Scoping Review

Zibako

Hlongwa

Tsikai

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract and in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), its morbidity and mortality rates are high. The aim of this review was to map evidence on CC management in SSA. The scoping review was conducted in accordance with Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework. The review included studies on different aspects of CC management. The review was also done following the steps and guidelines outlined in the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. The following databases were searched: PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus and Cochrane Database of Systematic Review. A total of 1121 studies were retrieved and 49 which were eligible for data extraction were included in the review. The studies were classifiable in 5 groups: 14 (28.57%) were on barriers to CC screening, 10 (20.41%) on factors associated with late-stage presentation at diagnosis, 11 (22.45%) on status of radiotherapy, 4 (8.20%) on status of chemotherapy and 10 (20.41%) on factors associated with high HPV coverage. High HPV vaccine coverage can be achieved using the class school-based strategy with opt-out consent form process. Barriers to CC screening uptake included lack of knowledge and awareness and unavailability of screening services. The reasons for late-stage presentation at diagnosis were unavailability of screening services, delaying whilst using complementary and alternative medicines and poor referral systems. The challenges in chemotherapy included unavailability and affordability, low survival rates, treatment interruption due to stock-outs as well as late presentation. Major challenges on radiotherapy were unavailability of radiotherapy, treatment interruption due to financial constraints, and machine breakdown and low quality of life. A gap in understanding the status of CC management in SSA has been revealed by the study implying that, without full knowledge of the extent of CC management, the challenges and opportunities, it will be difficult to reduce infection, improve treatment and palliative care. Research projects assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of those in immediate care of girls at vaccination age, situational analysis with health professionals and views of patients themselves is important to guide CC management practice.

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“…It is mostly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically the two strains HPV 16 and HPV 18, which are responsible for about 70% of all cervical cancer cases worldwide [ 2 ]. The potential risk factors for HPV persistence and the development of cervical cancer are multiple sexual partners, sexually transmitted disease, long-term use of hormonal contraceptives, multiparity, early age of first sexual intercourse, early age at first birth, smoking, and immune suppression [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Health Professionals in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Ziyad,

Jemal,

Dheresa

et al. 2024

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background. Early screening for cervical cancer is a key life‐saving intervention in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Despite the high burden of cervical cancer, the coverage of cervical cancer screening is low in developing countries, including Ethiopia. There is a paucity of information on the utilization of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimedto assess the determinants of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia. Method. An institution‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 232 female health professionals in Harar town from September 01 to 30, 2022. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors for the level of cervical cancer screening. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to report the strength of association and statistical significance declared at p value < 0.05. Results. The prevalence of cervical cancer screening among female health professionals was 16.8% (95% CI: 11%, 22%). Higher education level (AOR = 4.28, 95% CI: 1.68, 10.90), use of contraceptives (AOR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.23), training on cervical cancer screening (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.05, 6.08), good knowledge about cervical cancer screening (AOR = 3.37, 95% CI: 1.44, 7.91), and positive attitude toward cervical cancer screening (AOR = 5.31, 95% CI: 2.04, 13.83) were independent factors that increased the utilization of cervical cancer screening. Conclusion. One in every six female health professionals was screened for cervical cancer. Education level, contraceptive use, cervical cancer screening training, cervical cancer screening knowledge, and attitude toward cervical cancer screening were the determinants of cervical cancer screening utilization among female health professionals. Improving the health professionals’ knowledge and attitude toward cervical cancer screening through upgrading their education level and training on cervical cancer screening would be essential to improving the level of cervical cancer screening.

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Mapping evidence on management of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: scoping review protocol

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Cervical cancer in Cape Verde: reappraisal upon referral to a tertiary cancer centre

Cervical cancer in Cape Verde: reappraisal upon referral to a tertiary cancer centre

Mapping Evidence on Management of Cervical Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa: Scoping Review

Determinants of Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Health Professionals in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

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