Mapping evapotranspirative and radiative cooling services in an urban environment

Rocha, Alby Duarte; Vulova, Stenka; Meier, Fred; Förster, Michael; Kleinschmit, Birgit

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2022.104051

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Consequently, many of these investigations are frequently executed on a small scale, encompassing green patches, urban parks, and street canyons, to acquire data and numerical models [71]. Field measurements are also utilized to confirm the authenticity of the findings and calibrate the model by juxtaposing data from meteorological stations and remotely sensed data [34,72,73]. Although this quantification method covers the possibility of quick and easy data collection and numerical analysis for small scales, it is essential to note that the unpredictable and varying conditions of the urban microclimate, as well as the precision of measuring instruments and equipment, and potential human fallibility, can have a considerable impact on the overall generalizability of the results.…”

Section: Field Measurements Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach prevents heat retention by generating shadow and increasing relative humidity through evapotranspiration [33]. The role of UGS in the balance of energy and turbulent fluxes is essential, as it substantially increases latent heat compared to sensible heat, resulting in a significant evapotranspirative cooling effect [34]. For instance, despite having a higher albedo than conventional dark roofs, green roofs primarily rely on the vegetative role of capturing sunlight and conducting evapotranspiration to achieve cooling effects.…”

Section: The Cooling Effect Of Ugs: Mechanisms and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cooling Effect of Urban Green Space: A Nature-Based Solution for Mitigation of Urban Heat

Soltanifard

2024

Sustainable Development

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Today, urban green space (UGS) is recognized as a nature-based solution to alleviate heat in urban environments by intensifying hot surfaces in urban areas. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the cooling effect of UGS, its characteristics, mechanisms, and their implementation in urban planning and design to combat urban warming concerns. This chapter aims to outline relevant contents in three sections: (1) Cooling effects of UGS: mechanisms and dimensions, which will be allocated to explore the diverse mechanisms that contribute to the cooling performance of UGS in urban areas regarding their physical and spatial features; (2) Quantification of the cooling effect of UGS: methods and implementations. This section will focus on recent quantitative methods and implementations at an urban scale to apply in urban planning and design processes; and (3) Planning and design of cooling cities: urban greening challenges and strategies will provide an overview of urban planning and design approaches, current challenges and recommending effective integrated solutions to improve cooling efficiency.

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Section: Field Measurements Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cooling Effect Of Ugs: Mechanisms and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling Effect of Urban Green Space: A Nature-Based Solution for Mitigation of Urban Heat

Soltanifard

2024

Sustainable Development

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“…Vegetation can reduce air temperature and increase humidity through evapotranspiration and shading, all at scales not captured by BARRA-TA. These effects vary significantly with time, surface, and cover types, and while accurate localised modelling has been developed, its integration into thermal stress calculation workflows has not yet been achieved and is beyond the scope of this work (Rocha et al, 2022;Middel et al, 2021;Vulova et al, 2023). Therefore, it remains a contributing driver of errors.…”

Section: Sources Of Uncertainty and Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution projections of outdoor thermal stress in the 21st century: a Tasmanian case study

Weeding,

Love,

Beyer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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To adapt to Earth's rapidly changing climate, detailed modelling of thermal stress is needed. Dangerous stress levels are becoming more frequent, longer, and more severe. While traditional measurements of thermal stress have focused on air temperature and humidity, modern measures including radiation and wind speed are becoming widespread. However, projecting such indices has presented a challenging problem, due to the need for appropriate bias correction of multiple variables that vary on hourly timescales. In this study we present the first hourly metre-scale projections of thermal stress driven by multivariate bias corrected data. We bias correct four variables from six dynamically downscaled General Circulation Models. These outputs drive the Solar and LongWave Environmental Irradiance Geometry model at metre scale, calculating mean radiant temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index. This modelling projects thermal stress in central Hobart, Australia for 2040–2059 from a historical period of 1990–2005. We demonstrate that multivariate bias correction can correct means on multiple time scales while accurately preserving mean seasonal trends. Changes in mean air temperature and UTCI by hour of the day and month of the year reveal diurnal and annual patterns in both temporal trends and model agreement. We present plots of future median stress values in context of historical percentiles, revealing trends and patterns not evident in mean data. Our modelling illustrates a future Hobart that experiences higher and more consistent numbers of hours of heat stress arriving earlier in the year and extending further throughout the day.

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“…Rainwater storage capacity of GI (S rw ) in mm S rw = S ca × r green + S so × r soil (42) r green and r soil are the vegetation and soil proportions of the GI, respectively; S ca is the maximum canopy storage capacity (in mm) and is calculated based on Equation (43); and S so is the soil rainwater storage capacity (in mm) and could be calculated as shown in Equation (44).…”

Section: Quantified Measure Equation Definition Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[54] S ca = −0.00575 × LAI 2 + 0.498 × LAI + 0.935 (43) LAI is the leaf area index (see Equations ( 78) and ( 79)).…”

Section: Quantified Measure Equation Definition Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Models and Methods for Quantifying the Environmental, Economic, and Social Benefits and Challenges of Green Infrastructure: A Critical Review

2023

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With growing urbanization and increasing climate change-related concerns, green infrastructures (GIs) are recognized as promising solutions for mitigating various challenges and promoting sustainable development. Despite the important role of GIs, a comprehensive synthesis of the quantification of their full range of benefits and challenges is lacking in the current literature. To address this gap, a systematic literature review was conducted on the quantifiable environmental, economic, and social benefits and challenges of GIs. This paper followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) methodology, where 75 relevant articles were reviewed to present the various models and methods that could be used to quantify and assess the impacts of different GI types. The study further investigated existing knowledge trends and patterns, identified research gaps, and suggested future research directions. The results revealed that while existing research studies offer great insights into the impacts of GIs, a more holistic approach is necessary to balance the benefits and challenges of GIs. The findings also offered a comprehensive understanding of a wide range of environmental, economic, and social considerations of both natural and engineered GIs. Ultimately, the performed literature review serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers and practitioners and could be used in estimating and evaluating the benefits and challenges of GI plans and programs as well as in making informed decisions about GI projects.

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Mapping evapotranspirative and radiative cooling services in an urban environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 63 publications

Cooling Effect of Urban Green Space: A Nature-Based Solution for Mitigation of Urban Heat

Cooling Effect of Urban Green Space: A Nature-Based Solution for Mitigation of Urban Heat

High-resolution projections of outdoor thermal stress in the 21st century: a Tasmanian case study

Models and Methods for Quantifying the Environmental, Economic, and Social Benefits and Challenges of Green Infrastructure: A Critical Review

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