“…Different fields employ these platforms, despite some of their limitations, such as the possibility of introducing bias in data due to digital exclusion and divide (Brabham, 2009;Denwood et al, 2022), map literacy problems (Rzeszewski & Kotus, 2019), data sampling (Brown, 2016), and data quality (Brown et al, 2015). Some of the fields that utilize crowdmapping include urban planning (Babelon et al, 2017, Bąkowska-Waldmann 2023, climate change and environmental monitoring (Haworth et al, 2016;Pietrzyk-Kaszyńska et al, 2017), heritage public space protectiom (Elgobashi & Sernary, 2021), and research on sense of place (Hawthorne et al, 2022). The work by Babelon et al (2021) provides an extensive review of the use of web maps Geographia Polonica 2024, 97, 1, pp.…”