Mapping coral cover using Sentinel-2A in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

SATYA, ERIDHANI DHARMA; Sabdono, Agus; Wijayanti, Diah Permata; HELMI, MUHAMMAD; WIDIARATIH, RIKHA; SURYOPUTRA, AGUS ANUGROHO DWI; HANDOYO, GENTUR; PURYAJATI, ARDIANSYAH DESMONT

doi:10.13057/biodiv/d240219

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Analyzing the effect of ship tracking, several islands were selected that represented the level of tourist visits which were divided into the high, medium, and low levels. Data on tourist visits comes from the Indonesian Tourist Guide Association (Himpunan Pramuwisata Indonesia/HPI) which recorded visitors daily from November 2018 -March 2020 which was compiled and processed by [20] and is depicted in Figure 1. Using the approach of the more visitors come, the more ships are used, so the level of ship use is represented by the number of tourists visiting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship detection using Google Earth Pro and SAR Sentinel-1 Satellite in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

Satya,

Sabdono,

Wijayanti

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Karimunjawa is one of the tourist icon due to the beauty of its coral reefs. Many tourists visit for snorkeling and diving in Karimunjawa which requires ships for transportation. This study aims to determine the distribution of ships in Karimunjawa before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Google Earth Pro satellite and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Sentinel-1. There were 6 islands selected to represent the anchorage level based on the number of tourist arrivals. The results of this study indicate that the Sentinel-1 SAR has high capability in detecting ships by using the Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) algorithm method, which was detected with a total of 83 ships on 31st March 2021 in six island representatives. This funding is supported by SAR images that have a high spatial resolution of 5m, moreover, ships are typically constructed from large flat metal sheets and hence are usually radar bright and detectable in SAR imagery. Even though Google Earth Pro has a higher resolution of 30 cm, the ship detection process is identified manually. This study showed the Covid-19 pandemic condition had a significant decreasing effect on the number of ships detected, there was a 41.6% decrease from 2019 to 2020 and a 41.95% decrease from 2020 to 2021 due to the temporary closure of Karimunjawa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship detection using Google Earth Pro and SAR Sentinel-1 Satellite in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

Satya,

Sabdono,

Wijayanti

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…This finding begs the question whether the shift of the coral recruit density might be influenced by tourism activities and coral bleaching event. Several studies have reported that direct contact of tourist such as stepping, and standing on coral reef had negative impact by damaging coral reef ecosystem especially in the shallow area (Aldyan et al 2023;Wijaya et al 2021;Satya et al 2023) In the context of the impact of tourism activities, according to a study which assessed the coral damage in year 2016, coral damage was significantly higher in 2016 compared to 2020, when tourism was closed due to the pandemic (Rimayanti et al 2020). Meanwhile, in 2016, el Nino event in the Pacific Ocean, could affect the Karimunjawa and Kemujan islands.…”

Section: Coral Recruit Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic of coral recruits in the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia

TARIGAN,

MUNASIK,

WIJAYANTI

et al. 2024

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Tarigan SAR, Munasik, Wijayanti DP, Muhidin, Rohman EA, Pardede S. 2024. Dynamic of coral recruits in the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 869-880. After a disturbance event, coral reefs can recover naturally by recruiting new corals. These can be affected by environmental factors like the substrate's physical and biological structure, predation, and accidental mortality of recruits by grazers, as well as the number and size of parent corals supplying larvae. This study examined the connection between newly recruited corals and biological factors such as sea urchin density, herbivorous fish abundance, and hard coral coverage. The study was monitored changes in coral cover, juvenile coral density, herbivore abundance, and hard coral coverage at 43 locations and two depths (shallow; 2-3 m) and deep (8-10 m) from 2013 to 2022. The locations were distributed across six different zone systems: the core zone, protection zone, tourism zone, traditional fisheries zone, aquaculture zone, and rehabilitation zone. Multiple Linae Regression, ANOVA test, and Principal Component Analysis were employed to assess the relationship between coral recruitment and other variables. Results indicated that the coral recruitment density was not significantly different when comparing different zoning systems (two-way ANOVA test, P-value>0.05). Based on the PCA analysis, we found that in 2013 and 2019, excavator, sea urchin, browser, and hard coral have a positive relationship with coral recruitment, which implies that coral recruitment would increase as sea urchin, browser, and hard coral increase. Meanwhile, in 2019 and 2022, coral recruitment has a negative relationship with scraper, and also with hard coral growth (although only in 2022), implying that coral recruitment would decrease if scraper and hard coral increase. The study recommends restoring the role of herbivorous species in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) by prioritizing them in conservation efforts and managing their populations.

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“…Consequently, it is known as the Paradise of Java, or Caribbean van Java (Himawan & Lestari, 2016). Many local and foreigner around 3000-6000 visitors per month come to relish snorkeling and diving to explore the diversity of coral reefs (Satya et al, 2023). There is a demand for visitors coming to KNP that tends to increase every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on the Microplastics Abundance and Characteristics in Marine Protected Area in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

Widiaratih,

Marganita,

Suryoputro

et al. 2024

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Microplastics (MPs) are discovered in various places even encroaching on marine protected areas (MPA). The aim of this research is to investigate the occurrences of MPs pollutant in MPA and non-MPA in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP). The results showed that MPs from sea surface water were higher in MPA than non-MPA with range as 47.89-106.20 items/L, dominated by fragment, 1-50 µm size, black color and HDPE, LDPE, PP, Nylon, PVC, ABS, and PET in polymer types. It induced since it supplied from it surrounding, specifically the south of MPA, whereas there have been cottage constructions generating many marine debris. These findings indicate that occurrence of MPs still dominantly influenced from anthropogenic activity. However, the hydrodynamic and MPs characteristic as well play an important role in MPs distributions.

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Mapping coral cover using Sentinel-2A in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Ship detection using Google Earth Pro and SAR Sentinel-1 Satellite in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

Ship detection using Google Earth Pro and SAR Sentinel-1 Satellite in Karimunjawa, Indonesia

Dynamic of coral recruits in the Karimunjawa National Park, Central Java, Indonesia

Comparative Study on the Microplastics Abundance and Characteristics in Marine Protected Area in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

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