Mapping biological to clinical phenotypes during the development (21 days) and resolution (21 days) of experimental gingivitis

Scott, A. W.; Milward, Mike R.; Linden, Gerard J.; Matthews, J. B.; Carlile, M. J.; Lundy, Fionnuala T.; Naeeni, Mojgan; Martin, S. Lorraine; Walker, Brian; Kinane, Denis F.; Brock, Gareth; Chapple, Iain

doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01825.x

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The GCF volume reflected GI values, with an evident difference between bleeding sites with moderate inflammation (GI = 2) compared to non‐bleeding sites (GI < 2), and paralleled two objective measures of tissue inflammation, i.e., the percentage of inflamed connective tissue area and the inflammatory infiltrate density . Experimental gingivitis studies demonstrated a clear association between GCF volume and other clinical parameters of gingival inflammation, as well as the concentration of pro‐inflammatory biomarkers . Overall, these and other studies clearly indicate that GCF volume represents a reliable quantitative method to assess the severity of site‐specific, plaque‐induced gingival inflammation in the research setting.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Previous studies demonstrated that the quantification of GCF volume is a reliable and accurate indicator of gingival inflammation . In 60 gingival samples retrieved from buccal sites, GCF volume increased with increasing site‐specific GI.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Previous studies demonstrated that the quantification of GCF volume is a reliable and accurate indicator of gingival inflammation. 4,57,58 In 60 gingival samples retrieved from buccal sites, GCF volume increased with increasing site-specific GI. The GCF volume reflected GI values, with an evident difference between bleeding sites with moderate inflammation (GI = 2) compared to non-bleeding sites (GI < 2), and paralleled two objective measures of tissue inflammation, i.e., the percentage of inflamed connective tissue area and the inflammatory infiltrate density.…”

Section: Volume Of Gingival Crevicular Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plaque‐induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations

Trombelli

Farina

Silva

et al. 2018

J Clinic Periodontology

258

246

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Based on available methods to assess gingival inflammation, GC could be simply, objectively and accurately identified and graded using bleeding on probing score (BOP%) CONCLUSIONS: A patient with intact periodontium would be diagnosed as a GC according to a BOP score ≥ 10%, further classified as localized (BOP score ≥ 10% and ≤30%) or generalized (BOP score > 30%). The proposed classification may also apply to patients with a reduced periodontium, where a GC would characterize a patient with attachment loss and BOP score ≥ 10%, but without BOP in any site probing ≥4 mm in depth.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Volume Of Gingival Crevicular Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plaque‐induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations

Trombelli

Farina

Silva

et al. 2018

J Clinic Periodontology

258

246

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…in 2012 (16) carried out a case-control study in which they also analyzed IL-1β in patients with experimental gingivitis and found that this interleukin increased during experimental gingivitis and then returned to initial levels following the return to normal hygiene. Again in 2012 Becerik et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies have investigated this interleukin, all of them being case-control studies and all analyzing IL-1b in crevicular fluid using the ELISA technique. Some of these studies (9,13,14,16) analyze this interleukin in experimental gingivitis and all found that it is higher in the crevicular fluid of patients with experimental gingivitis and that the levels of this interleukin return to normality following the clinical resolution of the gingivitis (13,16). Three of the studies analyzed this interleukin (5,7,10) in non-experimental gingivitis, the authors finding that IL-1b was higher in patients with gingivitis when compared to those of the control group and that these results were statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary and crevicular fluid interleukins in gingivitis

Boronat-Catalá¹,

Catalá-Pizarro

2014

J Clin Exp Dent

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Introduction: Gingivitis is a frequent inflammatory process of the gum tissue that is mainly caused by the accumulation of plaque. The immune response against inflammatory processes is regulated in part by cytokines. Aims: Given that a continuous inflammation exists in gingivitis, it would be logical to assume that the interleukins will be altered locally in those patients. Therefore, the aim of this review was to check whether there is evidence that the interleukins can be used as diagnostic markers of inflammation levels in patients with gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A bibliographical search was undertaken using the key words interleukin and gingivitis in Pubmed, Cochrane, Scopus and Embase. Only those articles published over the last 10 years that were systematic reviews, case-controls or cohort studies in which interleukins in saliva and/or crevicular fluid was investigated in patients with gingivitis were selected. Results: Finally 15 articles were selected, all of them being case-control studies. The interleukins analyzed in the reviewed articles were: IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, IL-11, IL-12, TNFα, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1α and IL-6. The most commonly studied interleukin is IL-1β and most authors agree that it is higher in the saliva and/or crevicular fluid of patients with gingivitis. Therefore, it could be used as a diagnostic marker of the degree of inflammation in gingivitis. Moreover, as far as the other interleukins studied are concerned, there is no clear consensus among the authors. Conclusion: There is sufficient evidence to suggest that IL-1β in saliva and/or crevicular fluid can be used as a marker of the degree of inflammation in gingivitis. Key words:Interleukins, gingivitis, saliva, crevicular fluid.

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Toss the Floss? Evidence‐Based Oral Hygiene Recommendations for the Periodontal Patient in the Age of “Flossgate”

Geisinger

Ogdon

Kaur

et al. 2018

Clin Adv Periodontics

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Focused Clinical Question What are the key considerations for effective delivery of oral hygiene home care to best manage or prevent periodontal diseases? Background Plaque control is critical for the management of periodontal diseases, but not all patients demonstrate the same risk for disease progression and challenges differ based upon clinical findings. This report seeks to present evidence‐based oral hygiene recommendations for a variety of common periodontal diseases. Summary Accurate diagnosis, risk assessment, and individualized delivery of oral hygiene instruction is necessary to ensure that patients can provide adequate home care to promote health and maintain the benefits of periodontal therapy. Conclusions Oral hygiene techniques and recommendations should vary based upon patients’ clinical presentation and risk assessment. Utilization of evidence‐based strategies to deliver personalized care will allow for optimal wellness for patients.

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Mapping biological to clinical phenotypes during the development (21 days) and resolution (21 days) of experimental gingivitis

Abstract: Levels of substance P, cathepsin G, interleukin-1β and neutrophil elastase act as objective biomarkers of gingival inflammation induction and resolution that typically precede phenotypical changes.

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Plaque‐induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations

Plaque‐induced gingivitis: Case definition and diagnostic considerations

Salivary and crevicular fluid interleukins in gingivitis

Toss the Floss? Evidence‐Based Oral Hygiene Recommendations for the Periodontal Patient in the Age of “Flossgate”

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