Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid <i>Acyrthosiphon pisum</i>

Barberà, Miquel; Collantes-Alegre, Jorge Mariano; Martínez‐Torres, David

doi:10.1111/imb.12747

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Hence, HaTim's diel expression in H. armigera larval head can easily be dampened under constant conditions, as observed in some other insect species. 16,[50][51][52] Under a short-day-length photoperiod, the phase of the HaTim expression rhythms was advanced (Fig. S2(C,D)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

Liu

Cai

Zhu

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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Background Circadian rhythms are physical and behavioral changes that follow the 24‐h cycle of Earth's light and temperature and are regulated by clock genes. Timeless (Tim) has been identified as a canonical clock gene in some insects, however, its functions have been little studied in lepidopteran pests. Results To investigate Tim (HaTim) gene function in Helicoverpa armigera, an important lepidopteran pest, we obtained the HaTim mutant using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system. Our results showed that the transcript levels of HaTim rhythmically peaked at night in heads of the wild larvae and adult, and the diel expression of HaTim was sensitive to photoperiod and temperature. The expression rhythms of other clock genes, such as HaPer, HaCry1, HaCry2 and HaCwo, were disturbed in the HaTim mutant larvae, as that stage is a sensitivity period for diapause induction. Fifth‐instar wild‐type larvae could be induced to pupate in diapause under a short‐day photoperiod and low temperature, however, fifth‐instar HaTim mutant larvae could not be induced under the same conditions. In addition, the emergence of wild‐type adults peaked early at night, but the rhythm was disturbed in the HaTim mutant with arrhythmic expression of some clock genes, such as HaPer, HaCry1 and HaCwo in adults. Conclusion Our results suggest that the clock gene Tim is involved in diapause induction and adult emergence in H. armigera, and is a potential target gene for controlling pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

Liu

Cai

Zhu

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…We may speculate that whatever is the selection pressure that drove the divergent evolution of core clock proteins PER and TIM it might have also similarly driven the evolution of the divergent clock neuropeptide PDF. The fact that the levels of period gene transcription, similar to the PDF-coding gene, are significantly influenced by the photoperiod (with SDs inducing higher expression of both genes) speaks for this hypothesis [ 69 , 71 ]. Thus, it is possible that the function of particular clock genes (including PDF) has been directed towards photoperiod-related tasks at the expense of circadian clock ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, compound eyes do not appear to play a role as photoreceptors for photoperiodic responses in aphids [ 88 ], which may explain the absence of dendritic PDF fibres in AME. Instead, the photoperiodic photoreceptor of aphids was localized to the lateral superior protocerebrum [ 88 ], where CRY1-positive clock neurons were later found [ 30 , 69 ]. There, the fibres of these CRY1-positive clock neurons intermingle with fibres of the PDF neurons making it likely that the photosensitive CRY1 not only synchronizes the circadian clock of aphids but at the same time transfers information about day length (photoperiod) to the PDF-positive clock neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aphids may be subject to high selective pressures because, as rather static plant suckers, they are particularly exposed to changing environmental conditions and they are special in several aspects. For example, aphids have a rather high number of visual and non-visual pigments that may help them to perceive light, avoid light and be protected from light [67][68][69][70]. Most relevant, core clock genes period ( per) and timeless (tim) experimented high evolutionary rates [71].…”

Section: A Divergent Pdf Gene Evolved In the Aphidomorphamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

et al. 2023

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The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) plays a pivotal role in the circadian clock of most Ecdysozoa and is additionally involved in the timing of seasonal responses of several photoperiodic species. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is a paradigmatic photoperiodic species with an annual life cycle tightly coupled to the seasonal changes in day length. Nevertheless, PDF could not be identified in A. pisum so far . In the present study, we identified a PDF-coding gene that has undergone significant changes in the otherwise highly conserved insect C-terminal amino acid sequence. A newly generated aphid-specific PDF antibody stained four neurons in each hemisphere of the aphid brain that co-express the clock protein Period and have projections to the pars lateralis that are highly plastic and change their appearance in a daily and seasonal manner, resembling those of the fruit fly PDF neurons. Most intriguingly, the PDF terminals overlap with dendrites of the insulin-like peptide (ILP) positive neurosecretory cells in the pars intercerebralis and with putative terminals of Cryptochrome (CRY) positive clock neurons. Since ILP has been previously shown to be crucial for seasonal adaptations and CRY might serve as a circadian photoreceptor vital for measuring day length, our results suggest that PDF plays a critical role in aphid seasonal timing.

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“…Previous studies demonstrated that the photoperiodic cue is perceived in heads [ 23 , 24 ] and then transduced to the embryos presumably via the neuro-endocrine and hormonal system [ 25 , 26 ]. More targeted analyses revealed the differential expression upon photoperiod shortening of photoreceptors [ 27 , 28 ], circadian clock [ 29 ], melatonin [ 30 , 31 ] and insulin [ 32 ] genes. These data suggest a role for these pathways in the early steps of the photoperiodic cue perception and transduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic basis of sex loss in the pea aphid

Huguet,

Robin,

Hudaverdian

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Transitions from sexual to asexual reproduction are common in eukaryotes, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly known. The pea aphid—Acyrthosiphon pisum—exhibits reproductive polymorphism, with cyclical parthenogenetic and obligate parthenogenetic lineages, offering an opportunity to decipher the genetic basis of sex loss. Previous work on this species identified a single 840 kb region controlling reproductive polymorphism and carrying 32 genes. With the aim of identifying the gene(s) responsible for sex loss and the resulting consequences on the genetic programs controlling sexual or asexual embryogenesis, we compared the transcriptomic response to photoperiod shortening—the main sex-inducing cue—of a sexual and an obligate asexual lineage of the pea aphid, focusing on heads (where the photoperiodic cue is detected) and embryos (the final target of the cue). Results Our analyses revealed that four genes (one expressed in the head, and three in the embryos) of the region responded differently to photoperiod in the two lineages. We also found that the downstream genetic programs expressed during embryonic development of a future sexual female encompass ∼1600 genes, among which miRNAs, piRNAs and histone modification pathways are overrepresented. These genes mainly co-localize in two genomic regions enriched in transposable elements (TEs). Conclusions Our results suggest that the causal polymorphism(s) in the 840 kb region somehow impair downstream epigenetic and post-transcriptional regulations in obligate asexual lineages, thereby sustaining asexual reproduction.

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Mapping and quantification of cryptochrome expression in the brain of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

Cited by 13 publications

References 76 publications

Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

Mutation of the clock gene timeless disturbs diapause induction and adult emergence rhythm in Helicoverpa armigera

Pigment-dispersing factor is present in circadian clock neurons of pea aphids and may mediate photoperiodic signalling to insulin-producing cells

Transcriptomic basis of sex loss in the pea aphid

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