Mapping and proteomic analysis of albumin and globulin proteins in hexaploid wheat kernels (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Albumins and globulins of wheat endosperm represent 20% of total kernel protein. They are soluble proteins, mainly enzymes and proteins involved in cell functions. Two-dimensional gel immobiline electrophoresis (2DE) (pH 4-7) x SDS-Page revealed around 2,250 spots. Ninety percent of the spots were common between the very distantly related cultivars 'Opata 85' and 'Synthetic W7984', the two parents of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) progeny. 'Opata' had 130 specific spots while 'Synthetic' had 96. 2DE and image analysis of the soluble proteins present in 112 recombinant inbred lines of the F9-mapped ITMI progeny enabled 120 unbiased segregating spots to be mapped on 21 wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) chromosomes. After trypsic digestion, mapped spots were subjected to MALDI-Tof or tandem mass spectrometry for protein identification by database mining. Among the 'Opata' and 'Synthetic' spots identified, many enzymes have already been mapped in the barley and rice genomes. Multigene families of Heat Shock Proteins, beta-amylases, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylases, peroxydases and thioredoxins were successfully identified. Although other proteins remain to be identified, some differences were found in the number of segregating proteins involved in response to stress: 11 proteins found in the modern selected cultivar 'Opata 85' as compared to 4 in the new hexaploid ;Synthetic W7984'. In addition, 'Opata' and 'Synthetic' differed in the number of proteins involved in protein folding (2 and 10, respectively). The usefulness of the mapped enzymes for future research on seed composition and characteristics is discussed.

The influence of Fusarium infection and growing location on the quantitative protein composition of (part I) emmer (Triticum dicoccum)

“…This eVect has also been described for wheat in the literature [15,28]. Albumins and globulins are mainly metabolic and structural proteins [30] and have functions in cell metabolism. There is a minimum amount of these compounds needed for these functions, but no increase in content occurs with respect to the N supply.…”

Seed Biochemical Analysis Based Profiling of Diverse Wheat Genetic Resource from Pakistan

“…They are soluble in water, biologically active, and have role in metabolism (Merlino et al, 2009; Khan et al, 2015). Although they are functional proteins but have nutritional importance as well but also possess allergenic effects (Khan et al, 2013).…”

Targeted Proteomics Approach for Precision Plant Breeding

“…[9][10][11][12] Some proteins together with other molecules are secreted out to the apoplast and are collectively referred to as secretome. 13 The secreted proteins in the apoplast play a key role in cell signaling and defense as they are usually the first contact between a plant cell and the invading pathogen.…”