Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape

Constancias, Florentin; Terrat, Sébastien; Saby, Nicolas P.A.; Horrigue, Walid; Villerd, Jean; Guillemin, Jean‐Philippe; Biju‐Duval, Luc; Nowak, Virginie; Dequiedt, Samuel; Ranjard, Lionel; Prévost-Bouré, Nicolas Chemidlin

doi:10.1002/mbo3.255

Cited by 78 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, there is general consensus that biodiversity is positively related to function at the ecosystem level, and this has been demonstrated across national and international scales with strong correlations for functions such as N mineralisation and with system properties such as plant productivity, net primary productivity and litter decomposition Wagg et al, 2014). The interaction between biodiversity and ecosystem function is of relevance to agricultural ecosystems, as land management significantly affects taxonomic and functional biodiversity (Constancias et al, 2015;de Menezes et al, 2015;Mendes et al, 2015).…”

Section: Broad Versus Narrow Functional Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, increasing WFPS can also decrease the rate of decomposition of bioavailable SOM by limiting oxygen (O 2 ) diffusion and therefore aerobic heterotrophic metabolism, for example reduced turnover of SOM in pores < 6 mm in diameter relative to 6e30 mm in diameter Killham et al, 1993). Although soils of increasing clay content are often associated with both increasing amounts of microbial biomass C (MBC) and SOC (Banu et al, 2004;Constancias et al, 2015;Dalal, 1998), this correlation does not necessarily result in greater rates of C mineralisation (Wardle, 1992). This is indicative of the role of clay in hindering SOM bioavailability.…”

Section: Soil Physical Properties Affecting Som Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial energy and matter transformation in agricultural soils

Finn

Kopittke

Dennis

et al. 2017

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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a b s t r a c tLow bioavailability of organic carbon (C) and energy are key constraints to microbial biomass and activity. Microbial biomass, biodiversity and activity are all involved in regulating soil ecosystem services such as plant productivity, nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas emissions. A number of agricultural practices, of which tillage and fertiliser application are two examples, can increase the availability of soil organic C (SOC). Such practices often lead to reductions in soil aggregation and increases in SOC loss and greenhouse gas emissions. This review focuses on how the bioavailability of SOC and energy influence the ecology and functioning of microorganisms in agricultural soils. Firstly we consider how management practices affect the bioavailability of SOC and energy at the ecosystem level. Secondly we consider the interaction between SOC bioavailability and ecological principles that shape microbial community composition and function in agricultural systems. Lastly, we discuss and compare several examples of physiological differences that underlie how microbial species respond to C availability and management practices. We present evidence whereby management practices that increase the bioavailability of SOC alter community structure and function to favour microbial species likely to be associated with increased rates of SOC loss compared to natural ecosystems. We argue that efforts to restore stabilised, sequestered SOC stocks and improve ecosystem services in agricultural systems should be directed toward the manipulation of the microbial community composition and function to favour species associated with reduced rates of SOC loss. We conclude with several suggestions regarding where improvements in multi-disciplinary approaches concerning soil microbiology can be made to improve the sustainability of agricultural systems.

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Section: Broad Versus Narrow Functional Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Soil Physical Properties Affecting Som Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial energy and matter transformation in agricultural soils

Finn

Kopittke

Dennis

et al. 2017

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…In addition, visual comparison of the different maps evidenced that the location of the hot and low spots was different for each microbial parameter and suggested that these variations were related to soil characteristics (as represented by soil types above). Altogether, these observations lead to conclude that various environmental factors drive microbial biomass and diversity as previoulsy observed at the landscape scale (Constancias, Saby, et al., ; Constancias, Terrat, et al., .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Besides, the landscape is a relevant scale for cropland management by farmers and for the implementation of agricultural strategies by decision‐makers. Some studies dealt with the agricultural landscape scale but evaluated basic land management categories such as forests versus grasslands versus croplands (e.g., Constancias, Saby, et al., ; Constancias, Terrat, et al., ). We now need to quantitatively integrate the range of farm systems variation and identify those farming practices which have the most impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We now need to quantitatively integrate the range of farm systems variation and identify those farming practices which have the most impact. Moreover, studies at landscape scale often focused on the bacterial community (e.g., Constancias, Saby, et al., ; Constancias, Terrat, et al., ; Landa et al., ). However, the fungal community also has a major role in agroecosystem functioning and needs to be addressed (De Boer, Folman, Summerbell, & Boddy, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tillage intensity and pasture in rotation effectively shape soil microbial communities at a landscape scale

et al. 2018

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Soil microorganisms are essential to agroecosystem functioning and services. Yet, we still lack information on which farming practices can effectively shape the soil microbial communities. The aim of this study was to identify the farming practices, which are most effective at positively or negatively modifying bacterial and fungal diversity while considering the soil environmental variation at a landscape scale. A long-term research study catchment (12 km ) representative of intensive mixed farming (livestock and crop) in Western Europe was investigated using a regular grid for soil sampling (n = 186). Farming systems on this landscape scale were described in terms of crop rotation, use of fertilizer, soil tillage, pesticides treatments, and liming. Molecular microbial biomass was estimated by soil DNA recovery. Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed by 16S and 18S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Microbial biomass was significantly stimulated by the presence of pasture during the crop rotation since temporary and permanent pastures, as compared to annual crops, increased the soil microbial biomass by +23% and +93% respectively. While soil properties (mainly pH) explained much of the variation in bacterial diversity, soil tillage seemed to be the most influential among the farming practices. A 2.4% increase in bacterial richness was observed along our gradient of soil tillage intensity. In contrast, farming practices were the predominant drivers of fungal diversity, which was mainly determined by the presence of pastures during the crop rotation. Compared to annual crops, temporary and permanent pastures increased soil fungal richness by +10% and +14.5%, respectively. Altogether, our landscape-scale investigation allows the identification of farming practices that can effectively shape the soil microbial abundance and diversity, with the goal to improve agricultural soil management and soil ecological integrity.

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Contrasting spatial patterns and ecological attributes of soil bacterial and archaeal taxa across a landscape

et al. 2015

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Even though recent studies have clarified the influence and hierarchy of environmental filters on bacterial community structure, those constraining bacterial populations variations remain unclear. In consequence, our ability to understand to ecological attributes of soil bacteria and to predict microbial community response to environmental stress is therefore limited. Here, we characterized the bacterial community composition and the various bacterial taxonomic groups constituting the community across an agricultural landscape of 12 km2, by using a 215 × 215 m systematic grid representing 278 sites to precisely decipher their spatial distribution and drivers at this scale. The bacterial and Archaeal community composition was characterized by applying 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing directly to soil DNA from samples. Geostatistics tools were used to reveal the heterogeneous distribution of bacterial composition at this scale. Soil physical parameters and land management explained a significant amount of variation, suggesting that environmental selection is the major process shaping bacterial composition. All taxa systematically displayed also a heterogeneous and particular distribution patterns. Different relative influences of soil characteristics, land use and space were observed, depending on the taxa, implying that selection and spatial processes might be differentially but not exclusively involved for each bacterial phylum. Soil pH was a major factor determining the distribution of most of the bacterial taxa and especially the most important factor explaining the spatial patterns of α-Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes. Soil texture, organic carbon content and quality were more specific to a few number of taxa (e.g., β-Proteobacteria and Chlorobi). Land management also influenced the distribution of bacterial taxa across the landscape and revealed different type of response to cropping intensity (positive, negative, neutral or hump-backed relationships) according to phyla. Altogether, this study provided valuable clues about the ecological behavior of soil bacterial and archaeal taxa at an agricultural landscape scale and could be useful for developing sustainable strategies of land management.

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Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape

Cited by 78 publications

References 56 publications

Microbial energy and matter transformation in agricultural soils

Microbial energy and matter transformation in agricultural soils

Tillage intensity and pasture in rotation effectively shape soil microbial communities at a landscape scale

Contrasting spatial patterns and ecological attributes of soil bacterial and archaeal taxa across a landscape

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