“…Beliefs that processes of "progress" and "civilization" would liberate harsh and unrefined lands from a state of "wild waste" worked to celebrate widespread patterns of socio-ecological devastation (Ballantyne, 1858;De Cosmos, 1858;Waddington, 1858;see Allen, 2016, Nunn, 2022 for further discussions on progress). Ideas of progress and civilization worked to justify intensive ecological extraction and transformation, as well as the elimination, dispossession, and exploitation of racialized populations (see Ballantyne, 1858;Waddington, 1858: 49; as well as Dillon, 2021;Fujikane, 2021;Loo, 1994 for contemporary discussions of wild waste).…”