Mapeamento das áreas de risco de inundação urbana na cidade de Assú - Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Abstract

Countless cases of natural events, such as floods, occur across most of the globe. The city of Assú//RN is located in an area susceptible to flooding and overflow, which usually occurs between the months of March and June. Therefore, this work aims to map the flood areas, analyzing their occupation process and identifying issues related to flooding and risk management. As a methodology, bibliographic, documental, cartographic consultation was used, historical images about the streets that were affected by the flood - crossing these data with the roads that currently present a flood/ overflow problem - and identification of typologies of urban use based on the Google Earth Pro images for the year 2019 in the open source geoprocessing software QGIS Desktop, version 2.18, 'Las Palmas'. The results found show the quantity of what is occupied in the urban area, with 34.43% of the residential area, 2.74% of the commercial area, vital space for the functioning of the city, 33.51% of the unoccupied area and 2.74 % of commercial area. The quantity of strategic, vital and risk-sensitive elements exceeds 70 elements, according to the methodology used, which demonstrates the urban area of the city with 57%, classified between very high and high risk, that is, 15% and 42% respectively , and 27% for medium risk and 16% for low risk. This fact leads to the urgent need for the elaboration of a risk management plan, as this Plan becomes an important instrument to support urban planning.