Many naps, one nap, none: A systematic review and meta-analysis of napping patterns in children 0–12 years

Staton, S.; Rankin, Peter; Harding, Mollie; Smith, Simon S.; Westwood, Emily; LeBourgeois, Monique K.; Thorpe, Karen

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101247

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Differences between samples that could have contributed to napping patterns include the absence of a scheduled "nap opportunity" and lack of peer and caregiver expectations regarding naps at home compared to the school environment, as well as reduced levels of activity and cognitive/ attentional effort during home confinement compared to the average school day. Although some controversy exists in the literature regarding the impact of daytime naps on cognitive development and behavioural/emotional regulation in young children (Staton et al, 2020), habitual napping in 3-5 year-old children has been reported to have a positive effect on learning and memory consolidation (Kurdziel, Duclos, & Spencer, 2013). Thus, the absence of napping in most of the confined preschoolers (72.5%) is worthy of further evaluation.…”

Section: Ta B L E 3 Comparison Of Sleep Disturbances Between Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak

Liu

Tang

Jin³

et al. 2020

Journal of Sleep Research

142

198

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has resulted in a significantly large number of psychological consequences, including sleep health. The present study evaluated sleep patterns, sleep disturbances, and associated factors in Chinese preschoolers confined at home during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Caregivers of 1619 preschoolers (aged 4–6 years) recruited from 11 preschools in Zunyi, Guizhou province completed the Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) between 17th and 19th February 2020. Data were compared to a sociodemographically similar sample of preschoolers (included in the 11 preschools) in 2018. Compared to the 2018 sample, the confined preschoolers demonstrated changes in sleep patterns characterized by later bedtimes and wake times, longer nocturnal and shorter nap sleep durations, comparable 24‐hr sleep duration, and fewer caregiver‐reported sleep disturbances. Moreover, behavioural practices (sleeping arrangement, reduced electronic device use, regular diet) and parenting practices (harmonious family atmosphere and increased parent‐child communication) were associated with less sleep disturbances in the confined sample. The present study provides the first description of the impact of prolonged home confinement during the COVID‐19 outbreak on sleep patterns and sleep disturbances in preschoolers, as well as highlighting the importance of the link between sleep health and family factors. Given that disrupted and insufficient sleep has been linked to immune system dysfunction, our findings also have potential implications for resilience to infection in young children during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Future studies should further explore deficient sleep as a risk factor for coronavirus infection.

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Section: Ta B L E 3 Comparison Of Sleep Disturbances Between Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak

Liu

Tang

Jin³

et al. 2020

Journal of Sleep Research

142

198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…That study was performed in children living in America, Australia and New Zealand, which likely explains the discrepancy. In those countries frequent daytime naps persist in older children partly because of designated naptimes in childcare [45][46][47], hence many children aged 3 to 4 years continue to exhibit a bimodal physical activity pattern, including an early-to-mid evening activity peak that early sleep could obstruct [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of diarised sleep onset time, period and duration with total and central adiposity in a biethnic sample of young children: the Born in Bradford study

Collings

Blackwell

Pal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objectives: To investigate associations of sleep timing, period and duration with total and abdominal adiposity in a biethnic sample of children aged 18 and 36 months (m) Design: Cross-sectional observational study Setting: The Born in Bradford 1000 study, UK Participants: Children aged approximately 18m (n=209; 40.2% South Asian; 59.8% White) and 36m (n=162; 40.7% South Asian; 59.3% White) Primary and secondary outcome measures: Parents completed a 3-day sleep diary from which children's average daily sleep onset time, period and duration were calculated. Weekday to weekend differences in sleep parameters were also derived. As outcomes, indices of total (BMI z-score and sum of 2-skinfolds) and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference) were measured. Adjusted regression was used to quantify associations of sleep parameters with adiposity by age group and ethnicity. Results: The average daily sleep onset time was markedly later in South Asian (9:26pm ± 68 mins) than White children (7:41pm ± 48 mins). Later sleep onset was associated with lower BMI z-score and sum of 2-skinfolds in White children aged 18m. In contrast, later sleep onset was associated with higher BMI z-score in South Asian children aged 36m. For weekday to weekend differences, longer sleep duration and later sleep onset on weekends than weekdays were both associated with higher total and abdominal adiposity in South Asian children aged 18m. On the contrary, compared to consistent sleep onset times, going to sleep ≥20 minutes later on weekends than weekdays was associated with lower waist circumference in White children aged 18m. Conclusions: Sleep timing is associated with total and central adiposity in young children but associations differ by age group and ethnicity. Sleep onset times and regular sleep schedules may be important for obesity prevention.

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“…week and sleep duration can be found for different age groups. These estimates were derived from several sources and guidelines, [39][40][41][42] and a graphic version that is regularly updated can also be downloaded from the Brainclinics Foundation (https://brainclinics.com/sleep-materials/) for further reference.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythm Disorders and Short Duration Sleepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These recommendations have been derived from recommendations and guidelines from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM 41 ), the Kempenhaeghe Sleep Clinic, and the latest systematic reviews and meta-analyses on sleep duration and napping. [39][40][41][42]…”

Section: <Figure 3 Here>mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Identification and Management of Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders as a Transdiagnostic Feature in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Arns

Kooij²,

Coogan

2021

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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Many naps, one nap, none: A systematic review and meta-analysis of napping patterns in children 0–12 years

Cited by 47 publications

References 70 publications

Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak

Sleep of preschoolers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) outbreak

Associations of diarised sleep onset time, period and duration with total and central adiposity in a biethnic sample of young children: the Born in Bradford study

Review: Identification and Management of Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders as a Transdiagnostic Feature in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

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