Manuscripts Accepted for Publication

Brownell, Celia A.; Ramani, Geetha B.; Zerwas, Stephanie

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00904.x

Cited by 156 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(90 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

165

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Children are skilled at coordinating for mutual gain from a young age [20,26,[29][30][31]. Even in situations where the risk of coordination failure is increased, children are able to use communication and theory of mind reasoning to avoid this risk [20,26,29,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimpanzees, bonobos and children successfully coordinate in conflict situations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social animals need to coordinate with others to reap the benefits of groupliving even when individuals' interests are misaligned. We compare how chimpanzees, bonobos and children coordinate their actions with a conspecific in a Snowdrift game, which provides a model for understanding how organisms coordinate and make decisions under conflict. In study 1, we presented pairs of chimpanzees, bonobos and children with an unequal reward distribution. In the critical condition, the preferred reward could only be obtained by waiting for the partner to act, with the risk that if no one acted, both would lose the rewards. Apes and children successfully coordinated to obtain the rewards. Children used a 'both-partner-pull' strategy and communicated during the task, while some apes relied on an 'only-one-partner-pulls' strategy to solve the task, although there were also signs of strategic behaviour as they waited for their partner to pull when that strategy led to the preferred reward. In study 2, we presented pairs of chimpanzees and bonobos with the same set-up as in study 1 with the addition of a non-social option that provided them with a secure reward. In this situation, apes had to actively decide between the unequal distribution and the alternative. In this set-up, apes maximized their rewards by taking their partners' potential actions into account. In conclusion, children and apes showed clear instances of strategic decision-making to maximize their own rewards while maintaining successful coordination.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chimpanzees, bonobos and children successfully coordinate in conflict situations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous research has established that toddlers engage in helpful behaviors toward adults (37) and peers (38), and that young children engage in prosocial behaviors toward victims of others' antisocial acts (39), may protest during/tattle after these acts (40), and selectively confer rewards on prosocial over antisocial individuals (41). Additionally, research with preverbal infants suggests that they positively evaluate those who treat third parties prosocially (4-6) as well as fairly (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How infants and toddlers react to antisocial others

Hamlin

Wynn²,

Bloom³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

384

341

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although adults generally prefer helpful behaviors and those who perform them, there are situations (in particular, when the target of an action is disliked) in which overt antisocial acts are seen as appropriate, and those who perform them are viewed positively. The current studies explore the developmental origins of this capacity for selective social evaluation. We find that although 5-mo-old infants uniformly prefer individuals who act positively toward others regardless of the status of the target, 8-mo-old infants selectively prefer characters who act positively toward prosocial individuals and characters who act negatively toward antisocial individuals. Additionally, young toddlers direct positive behaviors toward prosocial others and negative behaviors toward antisocial others. These findings constitute evidence that the nuanced social judgments and actions readily observable in human adults have their foundations in early developing cognitive mechanisms.cooperation | infancy

show abstract

“…Most of this research, however, has focused on how children learn to coordinate basic actions, for example, jointly pulling a handle (Brownell, Ramani, & Zerwas, 2006) or coordinating basic play activities (Eckerman, Davis, & Didow, 1989), or on how by engaging in coordinated activities children come to value joint commitments (Hamann, Warneken, & Tomasello, 2012). Only recently, studies started investigating children's abilities to coordinate their decisions in formal coordination problems (GoldvichtBacon & Diesendruck, 2016;Grueneisen, Wyman, & Tomasello, 2015a, 2015cWyman, Rakoczy, & Tomasello, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Children coordinate in a recurrent social dilemma by taking turns and along dominance asymmetries.

Grueneisen

Tomasello

2017

Developmental Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humans constantly have to coordinate their decisions with others even when their interests are conflicting (e.g., when 2 drivers have to decide who yields at an intersection). So far, however, little is known about the development of these abilities. Here, we present dyads of 5-year-olds (N ϭ 40) with a repeated chicken game using a novel methodology: Two children each steered an automated toy train carrying a reward. The trains simultaneously moved toward each other so that in order to avoid a crash-which left both children empty-handed-1 train had to swerve. By swerving, however, the trains lost a portion of the rewards so that it was in each child's interest to go straight. Children coordinated their decisions successfully over multiple rounds, and they mostly did so by taking turns at swerving. In dyads in which turn-taking was rare, dominant children obtained significantly higher payoffs than their partners. Moreover, the coordination process was more efficient in turn-taking dyads as indicated by a significant reduction in conflicts and verbal protest. These findings indicate that already by the late preschool years children can independently coordinate decisions with peers in recurrent conflicts of interest.Keywords: coordination, cooperation, conflict, compromise, turn-taking, dominanceHumans are highly successful at coordinating their decisions with others when pursuing shared interests (Bicchieri, 2006;Tomasello, 2014). However, a central challenge of human social functioning is that people often have to coordinate even in social dilemmas in which their interests are conflicting, for example, when one of two drivers has to yield at an intersection or when deciding who has to do an undesirable part of a joint work project. What these situations have in common is that each individual prefers someone else to incur the cost of behaving cooperatively but everyone is worse off if no one volunteers to cooperate (commonly modeled as "volunteer's dilemmas" or "chicken games" in game theory; see Archetti, 2009;Rapoport & Chammah, 1966). In large modern societies these situations are often resolved through collectively agreed upon coordination rules grounded in our culturally shared normative understanding (e.g., standing in line at supermarket checkouts) and sometimes formulated in formal laws (e.g., traffic rules).In repeated dyadic interactions, however, such explicit rules often do not exist and people are frequently required to generate solutions independently, for example, when two spouses have to decide who picks up the kids from school. One solution to dyadic conflict-of-interest coordination problems is to take turns at behaving cooperatively as this ensures that the interaction is mutually profitable in the long run. Indeed, turn-taking is commonly used in natural settings, as shown, for example, by ethnographic analyses of fishermen taking turns at fishing in preferred spots (Berkes, 1986), or anecdotal evidence of soldiers taking turns at assuming the most exposed position in a combat military formati...

show abstract

Manuscripts Accepted for Publication

Cited by 156 publications

References 103 publications

Chimpanzees, bonobos and children successfully coordinate in conflict situations

Chimpanzees, bonobos and children successfully coordinate in conflict situations

How infants and toddlers react to antisocial others

Children coordinate in a recurrent social dilemma by taking turns and along dominance asymmetries.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About