Manufacturing of Large‐Scale Titanium‐Based Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolysis by Tape Casting

Hackemüller, Franz Josef; Borgardt, Elena; Panchenko, O. A.; Müller, Martin; Bram, Martin

doi:10.1002/adem.201801201

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…2.2 V at 4 A cm −2 . For comparison PEMWE commercial electrolyzers, such as those from Hydrogenics, [ 35 ] Siemens, [ 36 ] and Proton Onsite [ 37 ] achieve about 2.2 V at 2 A cm −2 while the PEMWE with the PSL/mesh‐PTL allows operation at twice the current density at the same cell potential. However, currently, these PEMWE operate in the temperature range of 60–80 °C.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Transport Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Under Extreme Conditions of Current Density, Temperature, and Pressure

Stiber

Balzer

Wierhake

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Hydrogen produced via water electrolysis powered by renewable electricity or green H2 offers new decarbonization pathways. Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is a promising technology although the current density, temperature, and H2 pressure of the PEMWE will have to be increased substantially to curtail the cost of green H2. Here, a porous transport layer for PEMWE is reported, that enables operation at up to 6 A cm−2, 90 °C, and 90 bar H2 output pressure. It consists of a Ti porous sintered layer (PSL) on a low‐cost Ti mesh (PSL/mesh‐PTL) by diffusion bonding. This novel approach does not require a flow field in the bipolar plate. When using the mesh‐PTL without PSL, the cell potential increases significantly due to mass transport losses reaching ca. 2.5 V at 2 A cm−2 and 90 °C. On the other hand, the PEMWE with the PSL/mesh‐PTL has the same cell potential but at 6 A cm−2, thus increasing substantially the operation range of the electrolyzer. Extensive physical characterization and pore network simulation demonstrate that the PSL/mesh‐PTL leads to efficient gas/water management in the PEMWE. Finally, the PSL/mesh‐PTL is validated in an industrial size PEMWE in a container operating at 90 bar H2 output pressure.

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Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Transport Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Under Extreme Conditions of Current Density, Temperature, and Pressure

Stiber

Balzer

Wierhake

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Porous substrates come in several geometries such as tubes, [14,[26][27][28] hollow fibers, [29][30][31] and flat surfaces. [19,32] Traditionally, inorganic porous substrates are prepared from conventional ceramic processes such as slip-casting, [33,34] extrusion, [35,36] dry pressing, [37] tapecasting, [38][39][40] and phase inversion hollow fibers. [41,42] A relatively more recent method is the freeze-casting technique for processing porous ceramic substrates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacture of Highly Porous Tubular Alumina Substrates with Anisotropic Pore Structure by Freeze‐Casting

et al. 2020

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Porous substrates play a major role in devices requiring the flow of fluids such as in filters and membranes. Porous substrates are also extensively used for the preparation of inorganic membranes for microfiltration, [1][2][3] desalination, [4][5][6][7] gas separation, [8][9][10][11] and percrystallization processes. [12,13] These inorganic membranes are known as asymmetric membranes as they are conventionally prepared by coating ceramic [14][15][16] or carbon [17][18][19] thin films as top layers on porous substrates. The importance of the porous substrate is to provide the mechanical strength otherwise not available in thin films. Many inorganic materials such as ceramics [20][21][22] and stainless steel [23][24][25] have been manufactured as porous substrates, though alumina is the most used material due to lower costs and processing versatility. Porous substrates come in several geometries such as tubes, [14,[26][27][28] hollow fibers, [29][30][31] and flat surfaces. [19,32] Traditionally, inorganic porous substrates are prepared from conventional ceramic processes such as slip-casting, [33,34] extrusion, [35,36] dry pressing, [37] tapecasting, [38][39][40] and phase inversion hollow fibers. [41,42] A relatively more recent method is the freeze-casting technique for processing porous ceramic substrates. [43][44][45][46] Due to the ability of forming an aligned pore structure, this technique can overcome problems associated with lower fluid fluxes conferred by conventional ceramic processing methods such as tortuous pore structure, constrictions, and dead-end and isolated pores. [47] Freeze-cast starts with the preparation of a stable ceramic suspension (or slurry) at normal conditions followed by controlled freezing of the solvent of the ceramic

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“…22 PTLs need to be optimized to deliver their versatile characteristics. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] The main functions of PTL principally consist of (1) providing an electrical connection between MEA and bipolar plates, (2) conveying the fluid by capillary action from the reservoir through microchannels to the reaction sites, (3) allowing diffusion of gaseous oxygen and hydrogen to the flow channel in a direction opposite to the water flow, and (4) maintaining uniform temperature distribution and efficient heat transport within the MEA. 22,43 The multifunctional PTLs can be developed and optimized by taking these versatile roles into consideration.…”

Section: Context and Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the performance of an anion-exchange membrane electrolyzer operating in pure water with a nickel-based microporous layer

Razmjooei

Morawietz

Taghizadeh

et al. 2021

Joule

111

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It has been technologically challenging to create an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) that can operate efficiently without liquid electrolytes, that is, in pure water. Prior improvements in AEMWE have been limited to the development of membranes and catalysts. Here, we report an alternative solution to increase the AEMWE performance from a different perspective by developing highly conductive, macroporous layers (MPLs) as multifunctional liquid/gasdiffusion layers (LGDLs).

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Manufacturing of Large‐Scale Titanium‐Based Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolysis by Tape Casting

Cited by 42 publications

References 39 publications

Porous Transport Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Under Extreme Conditions of Current Density, Temperature, and Pressure

Porous Transport Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis Under Extreme Conditions of Current Density, Temperature, and Pressure

Manufacture of Highly Porous Tubular Alumina Substrates with Anisotropic Pore Structure by Freeze‐Casting

Increasing the performance of an anion-exchange membrane electrolyzer operating in pure water with a nickel-based microporous layer

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