Manufacture of gluconic acid: A review towards process intensification for green production

Pal, Parimal; Kumar, Ramesh; Banerjee, Subhamay

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2016.03.009

Cited by 101 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…At the second stage of catalyst annealing in the oxygen flow (350 • C), acetone and metal surfaces were oxidized accompanied by the formation of chemisorbed particles of metal oxides (PdO) s and (Bi 2 O 3 ) s , carbon dioxide, and water (Pd 2+ ) s + O 2 → (PdO) s (6) During preparation of the Pd→Bi catalyst at the stage of impregnation of the support with the Pd(acac) 2 precursor solution, the same reactions proceeded as those for the PdBi catalyst (Equations (1), (3) and (4)). For the stage of impregnation of the support with a Bi(NO 3 ) 3 acidified solution, a mechanism of the interaction was proposed, by which a surface compound of nitrate with aluminum and bismuth was formed Bi(NO 3 ) 3 + (Al 3+ ) s → [Al(NO 3 ) 3 ] s + (Bi 3+ ) s (11) Furthermore, at the stage of catalyst annealing (500 • C), the surface acetylacetonate complex (Equations (3) and (4)) and aluminum nitrate decomposed in the argon flow according to Equation (12) [Al(NO 3 ) 3 ] s → [Al-O] s + NO 2 + O 2 (12) During subsequent oxidation-reduction temperature treatments of the catalyst, the reactions proceeded according to Equations (6), (7), (9), (10).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Method of Preparation of the Pd-Bi/Al2O3 Catalyst on Catalytic Properties in the Reaction of Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Glucose into Gluconic Acid

et al. 2020

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Gluconic acid and its derivatives are extensively used in pharmaceutical, food, textile, and pulp and paper branches of industry during production of food additives, cleansers, medicinal drugs, stabilizers, etc. To obtain gluconic acid, the method of conversion of glucose into gluconic acid by molecular oxygen in the presence of solid catalysts is promising. The process of obtaining Pd and bimetallic nanoparticles Pd-Bi, coated on Al2O3, has been considered in the work. Samples were prepared by combined and successive impregnation of the Al2O3 support using metalloorganic precursors Pd(acac)2, Bi(ac)3, and dissolved in an organic solvent (acetic acid), followed by the removal of excess solvent. To achieve the formation of Pd and bimetallic nanoparticles Pd-Bi on the substrate surface, the synthesized samples were subjected to thermal decomposition sequentially in the atmosphere of Ar, O2, and H2. The surface of the obtained catalysts was studied by a combination of physicochemical methods of analysis. The catalysts were analyzed in the reaction of liquid phase oxidation of glucose. The best results are achieved in the presence of the catalyst obtained by combined impregnation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Method of Preparation of the Pd-Bi/Al2O3 Catalyst on Catalytic Properties in the Reaction of Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Glucose into Gluconic Acid

et al. 2020

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“…Based on patent data [54], two step electrodialysis could be used to separate gluconic acid from the reaction mixture, while the buffer solution and non-reacted glucose are recycled back to the process. This elegant option would significantly simplify the downstream processing of the electroenzymatic process compared to fermentation [45]. Still, the sustainability analysis of such reactor/separator unit including in addition to efficiency and environmental also some energy indicators of the suitability have to be conducted.…”

Section: Process Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Selectivity and Sustainability of Electroenzymatic Process for Glucose Conversion to Gluconic Acid

et al. 2020

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Electroenzymatic processes are interesting solutions for the development of new processes based on renewable feedstocks, renewable energies, and green catalysts. High-selectivity and sustainability of these processes are usually assumed. In this contribution, these two aspects were studied in more detail. In a membrane-less electroenzymatic reactor, 97% product selectivity at 80% glucose conversion to gluconic acid was determined. With the help of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, two main side products were identified. The yields of D-arabinose and formic acid can be controlled by the flow rate and the electroenzymatic reactor mode of operation (fuel cell or ion-pumping). The possible pathways for the side product formation have been discussed. The electroenzymatic cathode was found to be responsible for a decrease in selectivity. The choice of the enzymatic catalyst on the cathode side led to 100% selectivity of gluconic acid at somewhat reduced conversion. Furthermore, sustainability of the electroenzymatic process is estimated based on several sustainability indicators. Although some indicators (like Space Time Yield) are favorable for electroenzymatic process, the E-factor of electroenzymatic process has to improve significantly in order to compete with the fermentation process. This can be achieved by an increase of a cycle time and/or enzyme utilization which is currently low.

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“…Then, the recovery of 2-keto-gulonic acid from sodium keto-gluconic acid is made by a bipolar membrane electrodialysis (GBX-101) through the exchanges of cation and anion with water molecules [15]. Next, the recovered 2-keto-gulonic acid is fed to an evaporator (TFE-101) to remove the water before entering a continuous stirred tank reactor, CSTR (R-101).…”

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process design and economic studies of two-step fermentation for production of ascorbic acid

et al. 2020

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The current study presents the conceptual design of a chemical plant for an annual production of 500 tonne ascorbic acid or Vitamin C with a high purity of 95% via fermentation of d-sorbitol. In this study, two-step fermentation with a single culture process is operated with a proper ISO 14000 Environmental Management procedure. A process flow diagram of the processing plant and the plant-wide simulation flowsheet that was generated by SuperPro Designer Simulation software, as well as the material and energy balances are also depicted. Meanwhile, the process is optimized through the recycling of sorbose and heat integration. By recycling sorbose, the production of ascorbic acid has increased by 24% while the total energy consumption had reduced by 20% after heat integration. Furthermore, economic and sensitivity analysis was performed to calculate the profitability of the plant and predict the effect of market conditions on the investments. After the economic analysis, total capital investment and total production cost for the best scenario were found to be roughly USD 52 million and USD 43 million, respectively with a return on investment of 78.73% and a payback period of 1.17 years since the selling price of Vitamin C is high.

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Manufacture of gluconic acid: A review towards process intensification for green production

Cited by 101 publications

References 96 publications

Influence of the Method of Preparation of the Pd-Bi/Al2O3 Catalyst on Catalytic Properties in the Reaction of Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Glucose into Gluconic Acid

Influence of the Method of Preparation of the Pd-Bi/Al2O3 Catalyst on Catalytic Properties in the Reaction of Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Glucose into Gluconic Acid

Selectivity and Sustainability of Electroenzymatic Process for Glucose Conversion to Gluconic Acid

Process design and economic studies of two-step fermentation for production of ascorbic acid

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