Manual Resuscitators and Portable Ventilators

Abstract

This paper reviews the state of the art in Australia of manually operated, self-inflating bag resuscitators, including the Laerdal, Air Viva and Ambu; manually operated bags dependent upon an oxygen supply, including Mapleson B, C, E and F, the CIG Medishield Oxy-Saver and modified Oxy-Viva Resuscitator 3, and the Komesaroff Oxy-Resuscitator RD85; oxygen-powered resuscitators, including the Oxy-Viva Resuscitator 3 with Demand and RM2 Valves, and the Oxylife FM85; and portable ventilators, including the Drager Oxylog, and Ohmeda Logic 07. Specific comment is made to the effect that the design of the resuscitator is often less important than the knowledge and ability of the operator in using the equipment to achieve adequate lung ventilation. The simplest, cheapest, most useful resuscitators are the manually operated self-inflating bag assemblies. With special training, use of more complex equipment can be justified in some circumstances. The more complex the equipment, the greater the risk of inappropriate use, and the greater the risk of equipment malfunction unless a regular maintenance program is followed.

Manual hyperinflation: consistency and modification of the technique by physiotherapists

“…Performance data of the Air-Viva-2 circuit in particular are extremely scarce. Phillips and Skowronski (1986) state that the achievable FiO 2 with an Air-Viva circuit is 0.98. The Laerdal resuscitation circuit is similar and achieves a FiO 2 of 0.88-1.0 (Eaton, 1984).…”

Early Resuscitators

“…By the 1980s there were many reports of injury, such as barotrauma, due to the excessive pressure delivered by oxygen-powered resuscitation devices. This led to the development of various standards, both nationally and internationally 15,16 . In 1981, the Australian Standards Association stated that the RM head failed to meet its revised standards and it was withdrawn from the market.…”

Avaliação em bancada do desempenho de sete diferentes marcas de ressuscitadores manuais auto-inflaveis para adultos produzidos e/ou comercializados no Brasil

“…From the facts that different models of self-inflating resuscitator bags present different functional performances 1,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] , we intend to quantify the O 2 flow offered from seven non-manipulated adult self-inflating resuscitator bags used in Brazil, in non-intubated spontaneously breathing patients, since we did not find articles on the matter relating to self-inflating resuscitator bag manufacturing and/or commercialization in Brazil. Statistical analyses were performed, using the software BioEstat 3.0, ANOVA and t test; P value of 0.05 or less was accepted as significant.…”