Mann–Whitney
            <i>U</i>
            and Wilcoxon Signed‐Rank

Weaver, Kathleen F.; Morales, Vanessa; Dunn, Sarah L.; Godde, Kanya; Weaver, Pablo F.

doi:10.1002/9781119454205.ch7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In this study, two different statistical analyses were performed to determine any statistically significant differences between the groups. Pairwise comparisons between Parkinson's patients before medication (PD-OFF) and Parkinson's patients after medication (PD-ON) groups were made using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, while a comparison between the PD-OFF group versus control subjects and PD-ON group versus control subjects was made using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcox test 36 with Bonferroni correction. Non-parametric tests were used as the data was not normally distributed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robot-assisted investigation of sensorimotor control in Parkinson's disease

Tamilselvam

Jog

Patel

2023

Sci Rep

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Sensorimotor control (SMC) is a complex function that involves sensory, cognitive, and motor systems working together to plan, update and execute voluntary movements. Any abnormality in these systems could lead to deficits in SMC, which would negatively impact an individual's ability to execute goal-directed motions. Recent studies have shown that patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) have dysfunctions in sensory, motor, and cognitive systems, which could give rise to SMC deficits. However, SMC deficits in PD and how they affect a patient's upper-limb movements have not been well understood. The objective of the study was to investigate SMC deficits in PD and how they affect the planning and correction of upper-limb motions. This was accomplished using a robotic manipulandum equipped with a virtual-reality system. Twenty age-matched healthy controls and fifty-six PD patients (before and after medication) completed an obstacle avoidance task under dynamic conditions (target and obstacles in moving or stationary form, with and without mechanical perturbations). Kinematic information from the robot was used to extract eighteen features that evaluated the SMC functions of the participants. The findings show that the PD patients before medication were 32% slower, reached 16% fewer targets, hit 41% more obstacles, and were 26% less efficient than the control participants, and the difference in these features was statistically significant under dynamic conditions. In addition to the motor deficits, the PD patients also showed deficits in handling high cognitive loads and interpreting sensory cues. Further, the PD patients after medication exhibited worse sensory and cognitive performance than before medication under complex testing conditions. The PD patients also showed deficits in following the computational models leading to poor motor planning.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%