Manipulation of the dopamine system affects fetal and neonatal responses to an artificial nipple

Becker, Lora A.; Smotherman, William P.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2302(199603)29:2<139::aid-dev4>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, AN exposure increased the level of activity, which is consistent with reports of increased activity resulting from shorter periods (1 min) of AN exposure (Becker & Smotherman, 1996). None of the changes in motor activity induced by continuous presentation of the AN were attributable to mouthing and grasping.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Variability in general activity and the expression of complex behavior in the fetal rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Reilly¹,

Robertson²,

MacLennan³

et al. 1997

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Rat fetuses exhibit intrinsic fluctuations in general motor activity and respond to an artificial nipple (AN) with mouthing and oral grasping behavior. The present study examined the relation between the organization of general activity and the expression of these specific responses to an AN on Embryonic Day 21. In Experiment 1, continuous exposure to the AN resulted in nonspecific behavioral activation characterized by an increase in amplitude and high-frequency variability. In Experiment 2, increased amplitude and variability in general activity preceding discrete presentations of the AN resulted in more mouthing and oral grasping responses to the AN. These results suggest that presentation of the AN triggers behavioral reorganization in which the level and variability of overall activity may facilitate expression of well-defined action patterns.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Variability in general activity and the expression of complex behavior in the fetal rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Reilly¹,

Robertson²,

MacLennan³

et al. 1997

Behavioral Neuroscience

Self Cite

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“…Several research models using prenatal programming or fetal basis of adult disease (FeBAD) frameworks (Barker, ) have connected changes in the developing dopamine system to the emergence of Parkinson's disease in later life (Calne & Langston, ; Mattock et al ., ; Carvey et al ., ; Cory‐Slechta et al ., ; Li et al ., ). Research utilising direct in vivo observation of the fetal rat has also revealed that most early emerging behaviors are dependent on the developing dopaminergic system (Dawes, ; Andersen et al ., ,b; Moody et al ., ; Robinson et al ., ; Smotherman et al ., ; Varlinskaya et al ., , ; Smotherman & Robinson, ; Becker & Smotherman, ). These early behaviors include spontaneous fetal movement and complex response to sensory stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal ontogeny of the dopamine‐dependent neurobehavioral phenotype in Pitx3‐deficient mice

Kleven

Joshi

Voogd

et al. 2013

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Mouse models with prenatal alterations in dopaminergic functioning can provide new opportunities to identify fetal behavioral abnormalities and the underlying neural substrates dependent on dopamine. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal loss of nigrostriatal function is associated with fetal akinesia, or difficulty initiating movement. Specific behaviors were analyzed in fetal offspring derived from pregnant Pitx3ak/2J and C57BL/6J dams on the last four days before birth (E15–18 of a 19-day gestation). Using digital videography, we analyzed: (a) Behavioral State, by quantification of high and low amplitude movements, (b) Interlimb Movement Synchrony, a measure of the temporal relationship between spontaneous movements of limb pairs, (c) Facial Wiping, a characteristic response to perioral tactile stimulation similar to the defensive response in human infants, and (d) Oral Grasp of a non-nutritive nipple, a component of suckling in the human infant. Pitx3 mutants showed a selective decrease in Interlimb Movement Synchrony rates at the shortest (0.1s) temporal interval coupled with significantly increased latencies to exhibit Facial Wiping and Oral Grasp. Collectively, our findings provide evidence that the primary fetal neurobehavioral deficit of the Pitx3 mutation is akinesia related to nigrostriatal damage. Other findings of particular interest were the differences in neurobehavioral functioning between C57BL/6J and Pitx3 heterozygous subjects, suggesting the two groups are not equivalent controls. These results further suggest that fetal neurobehavioral assessments are sensitive indicators of emerging neural dysfunction, and may have utility for prenatal diagnosis.

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“…Examples of such behaviors include hatching (Bekoff, 1992;Novicki and Weeks, 2000), locomotion (Stehouwer and Farel, 1985;Sillar et al, 1998), feeding (Becker and Smotherman, 1996;Marder and Richards, 1999), and ventilation (e.g., Hermann and Bulloch, 1998). The ontogeny of many of these behaviors appears to depend on the "fine-tuning" of motor patterns produced by central pattern generators (CPG) that form early during development (reviewed in Fenelon et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental disinhibition: Turning off inhibition turns on breathing in vertebrates

2000

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Manipulation of the dopamine system affects fetal and neonatal responses to an artificial nipple

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Variability in general activity and the expression of complex behavior in the fetal rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Variability in general activity and the expression of complex behavior in the fetal rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Prenatal ontogeny of the dopamine‐dependent neurobehavioral phenotype in Pitx3‐deficient mice

Developmental disinhibition: Turning off inhibition turns on breathing in vertebrates

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