Manipulation of Rumen Digestion in Relation to the Level of Production in Ruminants

Demeyer, Daniël; Nevel, Christian Van; Teller, E.; Godeau, J.‐M.

doi:10.1080/17450398609425252

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the absence of NaHCO, monensin increased the apparent digestibility of N D F whilst the effect was reversed in the presence of NaHCO,. The effect of monensin on fibre digestion (in the absence of NaHCO,) is the opposite of that noted in the review of Demeyer et a/. (1986).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Effects of diet, level of intake, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on urinary allantoin excretion in sheep

Dewhurst

Webster

1992

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present experiment was designed to study the effects of factors likely to alter microbial purine yield from the rumen on urinary excretion of allantoin-nitrogen (UAN). Sixteen mature Clun Forest-Welsh crossbred wethers were used in a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design to investigate the effects of (1) level of intake, (2) wheat :nutritionally improved straw (NIS) ratio, (3) sodium bicarbonate inclusion and (4) monensin inclusion on diet digestibilities, fractional outflow rates of solids and liquids from the rumen and urinary allantoin excretion. Each treatment occurred in each of two experimental periods. The treatments were designed to influence microbial purine yield via changes in rumen outflow rate and microbial maintenance coefficient. Increasing the proportion of NIS and increasing feeding level decreased digestibility and increased the fractional outflow rate of solids. Increasing the level of intake increased the fractional outflow rate of liquids. Urinary allantoin excretion (/kg live weight07s per d) was significantly increased by an increased proportion of wheat in the diet and increased level of intake, and significantly reduced by NaHCO,. There was a significant interaction effect such that increasing level of intake did not increase UAN with the high-NIS diet, despite an increased fractional outflow of solids from the rumen, in contrast to the increase observed with the high-wheat diet. Taken together with other observations it is suggested that high sodium concentrations in the diet reduce the efficiency of microbial synthesis, probably by increasing the energy cost of maintaining osmolarity. Monensin had no overall effect on UAN but there were significant interactions between monensin and dietary Na; the inhibitory effect of monensin on UAN was eliminated or reversed in the presence of added NaHCO,. This is consistent with theories that monensin increases the net influx of hydrogen ions into microbial cells and that this influx can be reduced by increased extracellular sodium ions.Urinary allantoin : Rumen : Microbial maintenance coefficient : Sheep Nucleic acids have been used widely to indicate the microbial content of digesta taken from the abomasum or duodenum (McAllan & Smith, 1969). This approach was improved by the measurement of their component purine bases (Schelling et al. 1982), which are more robust and readily measured (Zinn & Owens, 1986). To estimate the yield of microbial material from the rumen there was still a need for invasive techniques to assess the quantity of digesta flowing through the lower gut. Rys et al. (1975) proposed the use of urinary purine derivatives as indices of microbial yield from the rumen. Chen et ai. (1990), using animals sustained by intragastric infusion, demonstrated a direct relationship between the supply of exogenous purine to the lower gut of sheep and their recovery as purine derivatives (hypoxanthine, xanthine, allantoin and uric acid) in urine. When purine derivative excretion exceeded 0.6 mmol/kg live weight (W)" 75 per d there was no net

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Effects of diet, level of intake, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on urinary allantoin excretion in sheep

Dewhurst

Webster

1992

Br J Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, Machmüller et al (2003) suggested that supplementation of coconut oil tended to be reduced the population of bacteria and ciliate protozoa. The reduction in protozoal population could be due to decrease in the permeability properties of their cell membrane (Demeyer et al, 1986). Under this study, coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation showed effect on ruminal microorganisms population especially to increase amylolytic and decrease protozoa population.…”

Section: Rumen Microorganism Populationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Manipulation of rumen fermentation and ecology of swamp buffalo by coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, ruminal microbial populations in vivo have been found to adapt (Clapperton 1977) or degrade (Martin & Macy 1985) many of these compounds, and favorable effects on animal performance have rarely been observed (Davies et al . 1982; Demeyer et al . 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of α‐cyclodextrin‐allyl isothiocyanate on ruminal microbial methane production in vitro

Lila¹,

Mohammed²,

Kanda³

et al. 2003

Animal Science Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of α‐cyclodextrin‐allyl isothiocyanate (CD‐AI) on ruminal microbial methane production and rumen fermentation of corn starch, soluble potato starch or hay plus concentrate (1.5:1) by mixed rumen microorganisms. Diluted rumen fluid (30 mL) was incubated anaerobically at 38°C for 6 and 24 h with or without CD‐AI (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 g/L). The pH of the medium was unchanged by CD‐AI in all substrates. The molar proportion of acetate was decreased and propionate was increased with a corresponding decrease in acetate : propionate ratio (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acids and butyrate were increased (P < 0.05). Ammonia‐N was decreased (P < 0.05). Except with soluble potato starch, numbers of protozoa were unchanged after 6 h. As concentration of CD‐AI increased from 0 to 3.2 g/L, fermentation of corn starch, soluble potato starch and hay plus concentrate resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) methane production of 49–100% (6 h) and 14–100% (24 h); 39–100% (6 h) and 16–100% (24 h); and 45–100% (6 h) and 17–100% (24 h), respectively. When hay plus concentrate was used as substrate, methanogenic bacteria were decreased (P < 0.05) with 0.8 g/L of CD‐AI after 6 h. Excluding the lower dose level (0.4 g/L) of CD‐AI, digestibility of neutral detergent fiber of hay plus concentrate was decreased (P < 0.05) after 24 h. A suitable level of CD‐AI could therefore be used as a supplement to inhibit methane production and improve rumen fermentation without detrimental effects on fiber digestion.

show abstract

Manipulation of Rumen Digestion in Relation to the Level of Production in Ruminants

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of diet, level of intake, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on urinary allantoin excretion in sheep

Effects of diet, level of intake, sodium bicarbonate and monensin on urinary allantoin excretion in sheep

Manipulation of rumen fermentation and ecology of swamp buffalo by coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation

Effect of α‐cyclodextrin‐allyl isothiocyanate on ruminal microbial methane production in vitro

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About