Dosage Form Design Considerations 2018
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-814423-7.00020-4
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Manipulation of Physiological Processes for Pharmaceutical Product Development

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Cited by 9 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The DNE Opt was able to release the drug faster compared to CNE Opt due to a lower degree of ionization in the CCM compared to DTX when tested at pH 6.5 and 7.4. According to the passive diffusion barrier concept, the drug in nonionized form could passively be diffused through the barriers effectively [ 44 ]. In contrast, the drug at a high degree of ionization state was deemed to be difficult in passing through the membranes, as it carried charge [ 45 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The DNE Opt was able to release the drug faster compared to CNE Opt due to a lower degree of ionization in the CCM compared to DTX when tested at pH 6.5 and 7.4. According to the passive diffusion barrier concept, the drug in nonionized form could passively be diffused through the barriers effectively [ 44 ]. In contrast, the drug at a high degree of ionization state was deemed to be difficult in passing through the membranes, as it carried charge [ 45 ].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, first-pass hepatic metabolism is a major issue associated with the reduced gastrointestinal bioavailability of ICG 13 . In this sense, sublingual administration is promising as the sublingual space has low membrane thickness and keratinization 18 , potentially fostering systemic absorption when compared to other gastrointestinal membranes, and assisting bypassing first-pass metabolism 40 . Another valid approach to circumvent the aforementioned limitations is employing controlled release systems that are capable of sustaining drug release for a prolonged period of time.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 66 ] As key organs of the MPS, the liver and spleen contain macrophages (Kupffer cells and splenic macrophages, respectively), which seem to play a major role in phage degradation, with the initial phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells in the liver being more effective than splenic macrophages at inactivating phage. [ 58,70 ] Phage inactivation by the liver and spleen are observed to differ, with phage degradation occurring at a slower rate in the spleen. [ 53,58,63 ] Longer half‐lives of phage in spleen compared to the liver and recovery of intact phage up to 7 days post‐injection from the spleen also indicate that the spleen acts as a “phage sink.” [ 53,63 ] The spleen may have an additional relevant role in phage therapy, via a nondestructive mechanism of capturing and retaining phage for antigen presentation, promoted by Schweigger–Seidel reticulum cells, thereby facilitating an adaptive immune response to produce phage‐neutralizing antibodies.…”
Section: Phage Biodistributionmentioning
confidence: 99%