Manipulation of ley pastures with herbicides to control take-all

Abstract

The effect of grass-selective and broad-spectrum herbicides in pasture:wheat rotation experiments were studied from 1981 to 1986 at Esperance, W.A. The quantity of pasture and the proportion of grass present in the pasture phases were determined. Pastures were grazed by sheep. Incidence and severity of take-all and grain yield were measured in the wheat phases. The rotations studied were either a 2 year pasture: 1 year crop or 1 year pasture: 1 year crop. Herbicide treatments greatly decreased the grass content of pastures in the year of application, and this effect carried over to the second year in the 2 year pasture: 1 year crop rotation. Herbicide reduced total pasture yield in the year of application, but not in the year following. Herbicide treatment of pastures decreased the incidence and severity of take-all in the following wheat crop. Crop yields were increased following treated pastures and to a greater extent than could be exdained bv decreased take-all alone. Incidence of take-all depended primarily upon the quantity of grass in the previous pasture (5.4% incidence of take-all per 100 kg ha-1 grass dry matter in the previous pasture). Incidence of take-all was also related to the incidence of take-all in previous wheat crops and the quantity of grass in the pasture in the preceding two years.

Important ecological traits for selecting Biserrula pelecinus L. (biserrula) genotypes for their potential introduction into agricultural systems

“…In addition, the removal of grasses reduces the likelihood of grassborne diseases such as Take‐all ( Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ) infecting cereal crops (Macleod et al ., ). However, it is well known that a seed yield reduction and lower hard‐seed levels occur following spray‐topping (Dear and England, ; Wallace et al ., ).…”

Tactical crop management for improved productivity in winter-dominant rainfall regions: a review

“…Examples of the components of integrated control measures for the major diseases of barley and wheat are summarised in Table 4 and 5 below. Take-all (Gaeumannomyces spp.) Take-all is a soil-borne root disease of wheat, barley, rye and oats, and is common in high-rainfall areas such as in the southern region of WA (MacLeod et al 1993). It is caused by G. graminis vars tritici and avenae.…”

Integrating models of relative abundance of species with the dry‐weight‐rank method for the botanical analysis of forest understorey vegetation

“…The method has been used widely in agricultural research (e.g. Bryan and Evans, 1973; Mclean et al ., 1981; MacLeod et al ., 1993; dos Santos et al ., 1998; Ibrahim and ‘t Mannetje, 1998) and there is evidence of its use in ecological and wildlife research (Evans and Jarman, 1999; Woolnough and Johnson, 2000). In addition, the method has been used with forb and grass species in prairie vegetation (Parajulee et al ., 1997), as well as in the herbaceous strata of mountainous vegetation (Martinez, 2000).…”