Manipulation of dry matter accumulation and partitioning with plant density in relation to yield stability of cotton under intensive management

Dai, Jianlong; Li, Weijiang; Tang, Wei; Zhang, Dongmei; Li, Zhenhuai; Lu, Hequan; Eneji, A. Egrinya; Dong, Hezhong

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2015.06.008

Cited by 103 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…That is why, CGR of cotton plants under low N application with high planting density was statically similar to high N application with medium planting density. Moreover, our results were also in accordance with some previous findings that plant biomass production significantly increased with increase in planting density (Boquet 2005;O'Berry et al 2008;Dai et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Leaf gas exchange, source–sink relationship, and growth response of cotton to the interactive effects of nitrogen rate and planting density

et al. 2017

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Nitrogen (N) rate and plant density (PD) are important factors for sustainable cotton production. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of nitrogen rate and plant density on plant growth, source-sink relationship, and cotton yield. A split-plot arrangement was used in the field experiment with the main plots assigned to N rate (120 and 180 kg/ha), and the sub-plots assigned to plant density (8, 10, and 12 plants/m 2 ). Results showed significant N and PD interaction on plant growth, leaf gas exchange, and yield. Higher plant growth and cotton yield were noted under low nitrogen rate and high planting density than other treatment combinations. Leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 , transpiration rate, and water use efficiency were considerably influenced by planting density and nitrogen rate. Maximum values of these traits were obtained under low nitrogen rate with high planting density or high nitrogen rate with medium planting density, while the least values were under low nitrogen rate with low planting density. Correlation analysis revealed highly significant and positive relation between leaf gas exchange and cotton yield.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Leaf gas exchange, source–sink relationship, and growth response of cotton to the interactive effects of nitrogen rate and planting density

et al. 2017

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“…Higher biomass under dense population was the result of more plants per unit area with a larger canopy structure and vegetative growth. These data are consistent with previous research where dense plants result in greater biomass yield [33,34]. Low reproductive organ production in densely populated crops may be associated with low light transmission to the lower parts of plant, which led to reduced temperature and increased relative humidity within the plant canopy, which in turn increased fruit shedding when compared with other treatments; thus both dense and low planting density had decreased reproductive structure production [35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Planting Density Induced Changes in Cotton Biomass Yield, Fiber Quality, and Phosphorus Distribution under Beta Growth Model

et al. 2019

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High input costs combined with multiple management and material inputs have threatened cotton productivity. We hypothesize that this problem can be addressed by a single fertilization at flowering with late sowing in a moderately populated plant stand. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the cotton biomass accumulation, phosphorus dynamics, and fiber quality under three planting densities (low, 3 × 10 4 ; moderate, 6 × 10 4 ; and dense, 9 × 10 4 ha −1 ) and two cultivars (Zhongmian-16 and J-4B). High planting density had 6.2 and 12.6% larger stems and fruiting nodes m −2 , while low density produced a 37.5 and 59.4% maximum height node ratio. Moderate density produced 26.4-15.5%, 24.7-12.6%, and 10.5-13.6% higher biomass accumulation rate at the peak bloom, boll set, and plant removal stages over low and high density in both years, respectively. J-4B produced a higher reproductive organs biomass yield when compared with Zhongmian-16 in both years. This higher biomass formation was due to both the higher average (0.8 V T kg·ha −1 ·d −1 ) and maximum (1.0 V M kg·ha −1 ·d −1 ) reproductive organ phosphorus uptake, respectively. Plants with low density had 5.3-18.5%, 9.5-15%, and 7.8-12.8% greater length, strength, and micronaire values over moderate and dense plants, respectively. Conclusively, moderate density with J-4B is a promising option for improved biomass, phosphorus acquisition, and fiber quality under a short season.Agronomy 2019, 9, 500 2 of 18 nitrogen [6], water availability [7], planting date, and planting density [8] are factors that induce changes in dry matter formation and affect reproductive organ biomass accumulation.Biomass distribution in cotton organs during the crop cycle are important determinants of final yield. In the early phases of cotton growth, greater partitioning of foliar tissues enables access to light, which promotes better establishment and provides the basis for fiber quantity and quality later in the season. Similarly, during later growth phases, an increase in the assimilate transport to the reproductive structures ensures better crop yield. Planting density coupled with the cultivar are considered the key drivers for cotton production [8,9]. Due to its indeterminate growth habit, a cotton plant may invest heavily in vegetative biomass under optimum growth conditions. An over-investment of the assimilate into the vegetative or reproductive organs in cotton plants could stimulate the abscission of leaves or fruits, respectively [10,11]. The aboveground biomass of a cotton plant at maturity is often less than the total biomass produced as the plant may shed old leaves and young fruits [8]. Remobilization of biomass to reproductive structure may further reduce the total biomass of vegetative organs during late reproductive growth. Assimilate allocation, and thus the growth rate of a plant organ, is controlled by various environmental and physiological factors [12]. Generally, dry biomass formation and partitioning into organs is measured primarily during certain phenolog...

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“…In agriculture production, crop yield depends on both the dry matter accumulation during the whole season and the dry matter distribution (parting) when harvesting [29]. In this study, MEL-treated plants maintained the large dry matter accumulation; these results are supported by the observations that MEL promotes vegetative growth [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Therefore, a small increase in wheat yield will result in a big effect on food security in the word. Based on our current study and previous research about the mechanism of the MEL on plant development [29,[34][35][36][37]40,45], a potential mechanistic diagram of MEL on improving wheat grain yield is proposed for future research reference. (1) During the germination and seedling growth stages, the MEL could crosstalk with IAA and GA, increasing the tiller number and seedling growth, which leads to an increase in spike number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Pre-Soaking with Melatonin Improves Wheat Yield by Delaying Leaf Senescence and Promoting Root Development

Yang

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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The effects of exogenous application of melatonin (MEL) on promoting plant growth and alleviating environmental stresses are already known, but the potential value in crop production is still poorly understood. In this study, the effects of seed pre-soaking with MEL on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield were investigated in a continuous two-year pot experiment and another year of field experimentation. Results showed that seed pre-soaking with different concentrations of MEL (10, 100 and 500 μM) for 24 h increased grain yields per plant from 29% to 80% in pot experiment and increased grain yield per area from 4–19% in field experiment, compared with the controls. Further analysis showed that the beneficial effects of MEL on improving wheat grain yield can be ascribed to: (1) increased spike number by enhancing tiller number; (2) enhanced carbon assimilation capacity by maintaining large leaf area, high photosynthetic rate and delaying leaf senescence; (3) promoted growth in root system. The result of this study suggests that MEL could be considered as an effective plant growth regulator for improving grain production in winter wheat.

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Manipulation of dry matter accumulation and partitioning with plant density in relation to yield stability of cotton under intensive management

Cited by 103 publications

References 34 publications

Leaf gas exchange, source–sink relationship, and growth response of cotton to the interactive effects of nitrogen rate and planting density

Leaf gas exchange, source–sink relationship, and growth response of cotton to the interactive effects of nitrogen rate and planting density

Planting Density Induced Changes in Cotton Biomass Yield, Fiber Quality, and Phosphorus Distribution under Beta Growth Model

Seed Pre-Soaking with Melatonin Improves Wheat Yield by Delaying Leaf Senescence and Promoting Root Development

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