Manipulating Shape and Its Function

Baker, Nelson C.; Fenves, Steven J.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(1990)4:3(221)

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Furthermore, only two publications seek to develop an optimisation routine in combination with shape grammars for 'regular' buildings, that is, houses and offices: the first, by Phillipp Geyer from 2008, uses multidisciplinary design optimisation for the generation of building models 57 ; the second, written by Boonstra et al in 2020, is part of a larger project designing a toolbox for the spatial design optimisation of buildings. 58 Finally, there are five publications in which engineering aspects without optimisation appear: one combines graphic statics with shape grammars when designing equilibrium structures 59 ; another evaluates the energy performance of the building envelope after the grammar derivation 60 ; a third uses a spatial zoning procedure for structural designs 61 ; and the final two use knowledge-based constraints and design codes, 62,63 respectively.…”

Section: Optimisation and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years of shape grammars: A systematic mapping of its application in engineering and architecture

Haakonsen

Rönnquist

Labonnote

2022

International Journal of Architectural Computing

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Shape grammars allow a designer to explore a diverse and broad design space. Especially among architects and engineers, the opportunity to evaluate numerous alternatives in the conceptual phase facilitates creativity. Since the introduction of shape grammars 50 years ago, significant research and development have been performed: new applications, combinations with optimisation and integration in digital environments, among others. Consequently, there is a need to map the existing literature to encourage further progress in the field and a lower threshold for those interested in learning more about shape grammars. This study, therefore, presents a systematic mapping of shape grammars in architecture and engineering. Mapping is performed by identifying a query of relevant keywords used in five databases, with the results forming the basis of the mapping. Each of the included articles is then screened to filter out those that do not fit the content criteria. The remaining publications are then evaluated and organised based on the attributes’ application, research type, implementation, engineering and optimisation. The outcome is organised in explanatory illustrations and tables. The final discussion highlights the extensive work performed with shape grammars in the generation of two-dimensional floor plans, an increase in digital development in recent years and the need for further research. The findings indicate a gap between the state of the art and the necessary level of applicability for shape grammars to be an attractive design tool, especially for non-experts.

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Section: Optimisation and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty years of shape grammars: A systematic mapping of its application in engineering and architecture

Haakonsen

Rönnquist

Labonnote

2022

International Journal of Architectural Computing

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“…The AI implementations have used shape grammars~Gips & Stiny, 1980! that build up artifacts based on simple shapes and transformation rules Baker & Fenves, 1990;Mitchell, 1990!. The genetic analogy has also been studied in design research, such as in the definition of generic units~Dias &Blockley, 1994!…”

Section: Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflective practice, artificial intelligence, and engineering design: Common trends and interrelationships

Dias

2002

AIEDAM

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Some historical and current trends in reflective practice (RP), artificial intelligence (AI), and engineering design (ED) are presented and compared. Human artistry, context, and connectionist approaches to knowledge are the common threads highlighted. ED is considered to be a type of RP and AI a part of RP. This is supported by an analysis of the transformation processes involved in each. AI and systems are presented as approaches for the formalization of RP at the technical and conceptual levels, respectively. Interconnectedness in a hierarchical fashion and purposeful process loops are defined as the key ingredients of a systems approach. AI techniques that could support a range of ED categories (case-based reasoning, decomposition, and transformation) are identified, as are the wider RP approaches that subsume those categories. The ED, AI, and RP categories are identified as spanning from routine to creative, connectionist to cognitivist, and intuitive to deliberate, respectively.

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Ontologies and Shape Grammars: Communication between Knowledge-Based and Generative Systems

Grobler

Akšamija

Kim

et al. 2008

Design Computing and Cognition '08

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This paper discusses information flow between knowledge-based models and shape grammars for generation of building designs, explaining the interaction, system and implementation. The benefit for using the interactive system is that the complementary properties of the two schemes are used to strengthen the overall process. Shape grammar contains rules about the geometric organization, while knowledge-based model supports the contextual information.

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Manipulating Shape and Its Function

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Fifty years of shape grammars: A systematic mapping of its application in engineering and architecture

Fifty years of shape grammars: A systematic mapping of its application in engineering and architecture

Reflective practice, artificial intelligence, and engineering design: Common trends and interrelationships

Ontologies and Shape Grammars: Communication between Knowledge-Based and Generative Systems

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