Manifest dream content of adolescents

Abstract

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The most recent dreams of 12–13 year-old boys and girls: A methodological contribution to the study of dream content in teenagers.

“…These present results indicate that it is feasible to collect Most Recent Dreams from young middle-class teenagers within the time frame of a standard classroom period. The fact that more girls than boys provided reports is consistent with findings on greater recall by girls in the laboratory (Strauch, 1996) and with the larger number of dreams reported by girls in dream diaries (Howard, 1978; Strauch & Lederbogen, 1999; Winegar & Levin, 1997).…”

“…The lack of a reliable and feasible method for collecting large and representative samples of dream reports in an efficient way is one of the major obstacles to the systematic study of dream content. For example, only a small percentage of teenagers asked to keep dream journals for one or two weeks on a voluntary, unpaid basis are likely to record five or more dreams, with boys providing even fewer dreams than girls (e.g., Buckley, 1970; Howard, 1978; Winegar & Levin, 1997), and there are inevitable questions about whether those who record their dreams differ from those who do not (Domhoff, 1999). Then, too, if participants are not recalling very many dreams while keeping a journal, they may be tempted to report recurrent dreams or memorable childhood dreams that are not likely to be typical of dream life.…”

New directions in the study of dream content using the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.

“…First, the problems of the dream-diary method are probably magnified in studies of younger age groups (Foulkes, 1979). Both Bulkley (1970) and Howard (1978) reported difficulties in obtaining completed diaries, especially from boys. In their study of the maturity of interpersonal relations in the dreams of adolescents, Winegar and Levin (1997) had 182 initial volunteers out of the 550 students in the classrooms they visited, but only 115 turned in at least two dreams of 35 words or more; 63% of their final sample were girls, 37% boys.…”

Dreams of Canadian Students

“…Since then, a large body of research has further examined gender differences in dreams (Domhoff, 1996; Domhoff & Schneider, 2008; Hall, Domhoff, Blick, & Weesner, 1982; Hall & Van de Castle, 1966; Howard, 1978; Krippner & Weinhold, 2002; Krippner, Winkler, Rochlen, & Yashar, 1998; Rubenstein & Krippner, 1991; Schredl, Ciric, Bishop, Gölitz, & Buschtöns, 2003; Schredl & Piel, 2003). The Richmond Study, conducted 30 years after the normative study, demonstrated that the gender differences and similarities found in the normative study had remained stable over 30 years, despite sociological and social role changes (Hall et al, 1982).…”