Mangrove transplantation in Brebes Regency, Indonesia: Lessons and recommendations

Coastal land use planning in Ben Tre, Vietnam: constraints and recommendations

“…Although providing an alternative income, thinning and selective harvests of mature trees of Rhizophora apiculata in allocated mangroves dominated by Rhizophora apiculata, even when controlled properly, reduce the capacity of coastal mangroves to fulfill the primary purpose of protection from erosion by creating gaps and disconnections in an otherwise mainly continuous mangrove belt. The findings of this study are closely in accordance with those of Nguyen et al., 2017a, Nguyen et al., 2017b, Nguyen et al., 2017c.…”

“…(2016) showed that a much more effective approach to mangrove area regeneration is to remove stressors rather than implement transplantation. Trees of Rhizophora apiculata were not effective in protecting mangrove dominated muddy coasts from erosion, supporting the findings of Nguyen et al., 2017b, Nguyen et al., 2017c.…”

“…According to the 2013 Vietnam Law on Land, the ownership of lands and forest lands, which are allocated or leased for agriculture, aquaculture, and salt production, is granted for a maximum period of 50 years (Vietnamese National Assembly, 2013). Kien Giang has applied the 50 year contracts for the mangrove allocation programme since 2011 (Nguyen et al., 2017b). For them to be effective, allocation contracts in Ben Tre should be extended, ideally up to 50 years, which is a sufficiently long period of time to allow for appropriate investment for sustainable outcomes.…”

“…Nguyen et al. (2016) and Nguyen et al., 2017a, Nguyen et al., 2017b discussed the management and use of coastal mangroves in the Mekong Delta, identifying gaps in management, monitoring and mangrove rehabilitation and providing recommendations for better management of mangrove protected areas. Benthem et al.…”

Mangrove use and management within the Sine-Saloum Delta, Senegal

“…While there remains a tendency to emphasize mangrove reforestation as a primary tool in rehabilitation (Bosire et al, 2008), there are additional activities that are essential for successful mangrove rehabilitation. These activities include identification of the causes of degradation at the site (Datta et al, 2012;Field, 1998;Walters et al, 2008), selection of appropriate rehabilitation sites (Datta et al, 2012;Field, 1998;Walters et al, 2008), species selection (Kairo et al, 2001;Nguyen et al, 2017Nguyen et al, , 2016Walters et al, 2008), timely planting, regular monitoring (Field, 1998;Kairo et al, 2001) and the involvement of local communities and governments (Field, 1998;Kairo et al, 2001;Romanach et al, 2018;Stone et al, 2008;Walters et al, 2008).…”