Manganese mineralization in Archean greenstone belt, Joda–Noamundi sector, Noamundi basin, East Indian Shield

Iron and Manganese Mineralization Associated with Archean Greenstone Belt in Joda-Noamundi Sector, Odisha, East Indian Shield

“…The available analysis data it is clear that hausmannite structure hardly allowed other elements to occupy cation sites. This fact is also supported by other workers (Frenzel [36] and Roy [18]). Although minor amounts of Na, Mg, Si, Al, Ca, K, Ni, Cu and Zr are present (Table.2…”

“…The major Mn-mineral phases in the ore deposit are pyrolusite, cryptomelane, polianite and groutite.The earlier workers i.e. Banerji [22]; Roy [18]; Mohapatra et al [33]; Mishra et al [34] reported mainly low temperature minerals in the ores of the present area e.g. pyrolusite, psilomelane, manganite,rhodochrosite, cryptomelane, lithiophorite, chalcophanite, goethite,todorokite, and braunite and they considered that these minerals were formed in near-surface conditions under relatively high oxidizing environment.…”

“…Archean iron and manganese mineralization in greenstone belts are reported from limited occurrences viz. the Rio das velhas deposit of Brazil (Machado and Carneiro [1]; Teixeira, et al [2]; Martin, et al [3]), the Barberton greenstone belt of South Africa (De Wit, et al [4]; Anhaeusser and Wilson [5]), the Yilgarn and Pilbara blocks of Western Australia (Condie [6]; Hallberg and Glickson [7]), the Sebakwian-Bulawayan-Shamvaian belt of Zimbabwe (Myers and Kröner [8]; Windley [9]), the Superior and Slave provinces of Abitibi belt, Canada (Goodwin [10]; Dimroth, et al [11]), the Isua Formation of Greenland (Gross[12]; Schidlowski [13], [14]), the Bababudan and Chitradurga belt of South India (Ramakrishnan,et al[15]; Chadwick, et al [16], [17]) and the Iron Ore Group (IOG) of the East Indian Shield (Roy [18]; Ghosh, et al [19]).…”