Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) in breast and prostate cancers: Preliminary results exploring the potential role of calcium receptors

Abstract

Procedures To preliminary assess the relationship between Manganese Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MEMRI) and the expression of calcium receptors in human prostate and breast cancer animal models. Methods NOD/SCID mice were inoculated with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and prostate PC3 cancer cells to develop orthotopic or pseudometastatic cancer animal models. Mice were studied on a clinical 3T scanner by using a prototype birdcage coil before and after intravenous injection of MnCl 2. Assessment of receptor's status was carried out after the MR images acquisition by immunohistochemistry on excised tumours. Results Manganese contrast enhancement in breast or prostate cancer animal models well correlated with CaSR expression (p<0.01), whereas TRPV6 expression levels appeared not relevant to the Mn uptake. Conclusion Our preliminary results suggest that MEMRI appears an efficient tool to characterize human breast and prostate cancer animal models in the presence of different expression level of calcium receptors.

Longitudinal manganese‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of neural projections and activity

“…90 Mangafodipir safely identified plaques in human multiple sclerosis. 91 Application of MEMRI to nonbrain tissue, such as non-CNS organs in mouse, 347 cardiac muscle in human, 134,348 and diagnoses for cancer, 131,132,349 as well as others mentioned in Section 5.1, are emerging. Analogies of brain-wide activity using functional atlases to compare rodent networks with human networks obtained by fMRI are more likely than invasive techniques such as high-density electrode arrays or optogenetic manipulations to lead to translation of mechanistic knowledge from preclinical to human disease states.…”

Two in One: Use of Divalent Manganese Ions as Both Cross-Linking and MRI Contrast Agent for Intrathecal Injection of Hydrogel-Embedded Stem Cells

“…Divalent manganese ions (Mn 2+ ) act similarly to other paramagnetic ions such as gadolinium or copper (Gd 3+ , Cu 2+ ), shortening the T1 relaxation and increasing signal intensity. Work on the use of Mn 2+ in MRI has been going on for decades and includes mainly imaging of the central nervous system [ 18 , 19 ], cardiovascular system [ 20 ], and cancer [ 21 , 22 ]. Routinely, manganese was used as a contrast in the form of manganese chloride, dissolved in water or NaCl [ 22 , 23 ] or as an FDA-approved contrast agent for human use—Mangafodipir [ 24 ] was usually administered intravenously, intraperitoneally, or intraparenchymally.…”

“…Work on the use of Mn 2+ in MRI has been going on for decades and includes mainly imaging of the central nervous system [ 18 , 19 ], cardiovascular system [ 20 ], and cancer [ 21 , 22 ]. Routinely, manganese was used as a contrast in the form of manganese chloride, dissolved in water or NaCl [ 22 , 23 ] or as an FDA-approved contrast agent for human use—Mangafodipir [ 24 ] was usually administered intravenously, intraperitoneally, or intraparenchymally. In the current work, we proposed exploiting the unique properties of manganese as a contrast enhancer in T1 MRI and its cross-linking capacity in conjunction with alginate biomaterials used as a matrix for transplanted cells.…”

Biocompatible and bioactivable terpolymer-lipid-MnO2 Nanoparticle-based MRI contrast agent for improving tumor detection and delineation

“…Bivalent Mn 2+ ion works similarly to other paramagnetic ions such as Gd 3+ and can effectively increase the T 1 -weighted MRI signal intensity [ 7 , 37 ]. Furthermore, MBCAs exhibit superior capability of enhancing MR contrast signal in tumors owing to higher cellular uptake and relaxivity over GBCAs, with Mn 2+ ions being preferentially taken up by cancerous cells with high expression of calcium receptors over normal cells [ 4 , 35 , 41 ]. These characteristics make MBCAs more promising alternatives than conventional GBCAs for clinical applications [ 34 , 42 ].…”