MANET Routing Protocols Based on Ant Colony Optimization

Aco, B.; Gupta, Anuj; Sadawarti, Harsh; Verma, Anil Kumar

doi:10.7763/ijmo.2011.v1.83

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…BIAs proved to be more efficient and autonomous than other Artificial intelligence algorithms in unknown and changing environments as MANET. BIAs as routing protocols in MANET was investigated in many proposed studies as in [38][39][40][41][42][43]. While other researchers believe that the main objective of using BIAs in MANET is to optimize nodes energy as it is one of the main factors that affect the Quality of Service (QoS) Metrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Sarhan

2021

IEEE Access

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Energy consumption always represents a challenge in the ad hoc networks which spurred the researchers to benefit from the bio-inspired algorithms and their fitness functions to evaluate nodes energy through the path discovery stage. In this paper we propose energy efficient routing protocol based on the well-known Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol and a bio-inspired algorithm called Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO). In the proposed EHO-AOMDV the overall consumed energy of nodes is optimized by classifying nodes into two classes, while paths are discovered from the class of the fittest nodes with sufficient energy for transmission to reduce the probability of path failure and the increasing number of dead nodes through higher data loads. The EHO updating operator updates classes based on separating operator that evaluates nodes based on residual energy after each transmission round. Experiments were conducted using Ns-3 with five evaluation metrics routing overhead, packet delivery ratio, average energy consumption, end-to-end delay and number of dead nodes and four implemented protocols the proposed protocol , AOMDV and two bio-inspired protocols ACO-FDRPSO and FF-AOMDV. Results indicated that the proposed EHO-AOMDV attained higher packet delivery ratio with less routing overhead, average energy consumption and number of dead nodes over the state of art while in the end-to-end delay AOMDV has outperformed the proposed protocol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Sarhan

2021

IEEE Access

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“…Anuj K. Gupta, et al [24] provided a study that approved ACO as an efficient and comparatively better way to enhance the overall performance of a MANET routing protocol in terms of overhead and connectivity. This study emphasizes the importance of using ACO in the routing algorithm for MANETs.…”

Section: Ll Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Mechanism for Discovering Internet Gateways in Wireless Networks Using Swarm Intelligence

2021

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One of the most critical and challenging processes is the provision of internet connectivity for nodes in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) or mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). A wide variety of "business and non-commercial" applications are implemented in MANET, most of them gaining Internet resources. Gateway (GW) or Mesh GWs are the key components of MANET's Internet connectivity, and multiple GWs are implemented to improve MANET's capabilities. Many of the current routing protocols are implemented and improved to work with MANET, either using traditional routing approaches or tree-based network approaches. But since MANET is a complex and transient network, it is very necessary to explore new or tack the GWs failure that adds more overhead on the network. Thus, in this paper a hybrid protocol inspired by the swarm intelligence technique that follows the non-root GWs discovery approach using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is suggested. The experimental results validate the processes of exploring new GWs, testing and maintaining existing paths to GWs, exploring different paths to existing GWs and detecting any connection failure in any route, and attempting to fix that failure.

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“…Gupta et al [12] aimed to provide a platform for researchers worldwide to get an overview of the existing ACO based routing protocols. To know about their performance against traditional ad hoc routing protocols.…”

Section: Prior Study Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Multicast Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Kichadi¹,

Yashavanth²

2015

IJERT

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A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is composed of Mobile Nodes (MNs) and these nodes are self-organized to form a network without any infrastructure. In late years, Multicast routing plays a substantial role in MANETs and the main target is to send data from multiple sources to multiple destinations and at the same time minimize the employment of resources like bandwidth, time and link costs. To provide reliable multicasting suitable for mobile ad hoc networks, many researchers have continued trying to optimize existing multicast routing protocols. In this paper some of the most important problems considered in this area are analyzed and also a survey on multicast routing protocols is discussed in detail.

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MANET Routing Protocols Based on Ant Colony Optimization

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Elephant Herding Optimization Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANET

Adaptive Mechanism for Discovering Internet Gateways in Wireless Networks Using Swarm Intelligence

A Survey on Multicast Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

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