Manejo de crisis hipertensivas en la mujer gestante

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, until today, continue to be essential factors concerning morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and pediatrics in Ecuador and most Latin American countries. Different strategies have been developed, and through the exposure of current guidelines for the diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia, it has been possible to solve, to a large extent, the health problems in the population related to the development of these diseases. Objective: This bibliographic review aims to compile current information on preeclampsia through analysis and final writing. Methodology: The PRISMA 2020 declaration was used as a strategic basis for the compilation, analysis, justification, and bibliographic essay of this research work. Results: A total of forty-five publications of moderate and high quality were obtained through a series of steps consisting of four processes of filtering and screening references. Conclusion: Hypertensive crises in pregnant women produce 15% mortality and morbidity in both maternal and fetal. In addition, it has been noticed that there are different risk factors for the pregnant woman to present this pathology. There are several drugs for antihypertensive management; nifedipine and labetalol are the first choices, and the first option drug is magnesium sulfate to prevent preeclampsia or eclampsia or control severe preeclampsia.