Mandibular unilateral fusion in primary dentition

Synodontism involving both primary and permanent teeth in a mixed dentition case

“…One such challenging case has been reported by Filho et al where fusion between normal and supernumerary tooth was treated with root canal treatment, apical endodontic surgery, extraction of supernumerary tooth, and bone graft. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Fusion is often confused with a similar developmental anomaly; gemination. Gemination is a result of an incomplete division of a single tooth bud.…”

“…Other etiological factors suggested are thalidomide embryopathy, hypervitaminosis, fetal alcohol exposure, and syndromes such as trisomy 21, orodigitofacial syndrome, and Pierre-Robin syndrome. [1][2][3] Canines and lateral incisors are the most frequently involved teeth in cases of fusion and are more common in deciduous than in the permanent dentition. [2,4] Fusion has a prevalence of 0.1-2.5% in primary dentition and 0.1-0.2% in permanent dentition and has an equal predilection for males and females and favors Japanese population compared to the Caucasian population.…”

“…[1][2][3] Canines and lateral incisors are the most frequently involved teeth in cases of fusion and are more common in deciduous than in the permanent dentition. [2,4] Fusion has a prevalence of 0.1-2.5% in primary dentition and 0.1-0.2% in permanent dentition and has an equal predilection for males and females and favors Japanese population compared to the Caucasian population. [1] Fused teeth affect esthetics, may cause spacing, caries due to the presence of indentations or deep grooves, and are of orthodontic concern and hence should be followed up and treated accordingly.…”