Managing the tap-hole life-cycle at five submerged arc furnaces producing silicomanganese at Transalloys

Sutherland, J. J.; Gous, Johan Petrus

doi:10.17159/2411-9717/kn02/2019

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Silicomanganese slag (around 1225 kg slag per ton) is disregarded when it contains 6 to 12% of dissolved MnO, where the other main constituents are SiO 2 (38–44%), CaO (20–35%), MgO (5–15%), and Al 2 O 3 (10–25%). Within this context, little literature is available about the deterioration of the refractories in the presence of silicomanganese slag, and this is limited to SiC-based and C-based refractories [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. However, the improvement of refractories for the SiMn alloy production is essential due to the technological importance (23.5 Mt are expected for 2025) of this material alloy in the steelmaking process [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MgO–ZrO2 Ceramic Composites for Silicomanganese Production

et al. 2022

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The deterioration of the refractory lining represents a significant problem for the smooth operation in the ferroalloys industry, particularly in the production of silicomanganese, due to the periodic requirements of substitution of the damaged refractory. Within this context, magnesia refractories are commonly employed in the critical zones of the furnaces used in silicomanganese production since the slag involved in the process has a basic character. The behavior of MgO–ZrO2 ceramic composites with different ZrO2 nanoparticles (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt.%) contents in the presence of silicomanganese slags is proposed in this manuscript. XPS, XRD and SEM–EDX were used to evaluate the properties of the ceramic composite against the silicomanganese slag. The static corrosion test was used to evaluate the corrosion of the refractory. Results suggest that corrosion is controlled by the change in slag viscosity due to the reaction between CaZrO3 and the melted slag. Besides, ZrO2 nanoparticles located at both triple points and grain boundaries act as a barrier for the slag advance within the refractory. The utilization of MgO refractories with ZrO2 nanoparticles can extend the life of furnaces used to produce silicomanganese.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MgO–ZrO2 Ceramic Composites for Silicomanganese Production

et al. 2022

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“…In the ferroalloy production industry, tap-holes are made from carbon, silicon carbide or other refractory materials. [3][4][5] Some furnaces operate with a continuous tapping scheme, but most of them are tapped every 2 to 4 hours. [5,6] The tapping operation usually lasts 10-15 min, depending on the size of the furnace and ladles, and consist of several stages:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Ferroalloy Tapping Models

Bublik

Olsen

Loomba

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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Tapping is an important furnace operation in the ferroalloy industry and poses a number of complex and coupled challenges of both practical and economical importance. Owing to the hazardous high-temperature conditions surrounding the tap hole, the application of various modeling techniques allows for development and acquisition of both scientific and engineering knowledge of the process through physical or numerical proxies. In this review, earlier work on modeling of ferroalloy tapping is summarized and main principles of the tapping process and multiphase interaction of slag and metal are discussed and summarized. The main focus is on drainage of slag and alloys, but some attention will also be given to metal loss, metal overflow and health, safety and environment. Our review shows that although considerable progress has been made in computational capability over the last decades, However, it is clear that research and development in the field of ferroalloy furnace tapping remains at a relatively nascent stage. The most progress up to date has happened in the area of so called reduced-order models. Such models are robust and simple, and may be easily fitted to process data from a particular operation in order to develop tailored solutions. Such models are more easily combined with software and instruments, ultimately enabling improved automation, process control and ultimately improved tapping consistency.

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Modelling and Analysis of Electrical Stinger in a Silicon Metal Submerged Arc Furnace

Mbedzi¹,

Wang

2019

2019 3rd International Conference on Circuits, System and Simulation (ICCSS)

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Managing the tap-hole life-cycle at five submerged arc furnaces producing silicomanganese at Transalloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

MgO–ZrO2 Ceramic Composites for Silicomanganese Production

MgO–ZrO2 Ceramic Composites for Silicomanganese Production

A Review of Ferroalloy Tapping Models

Modelling and Analysis of Electrical Stinger in a Silicon Metal Submerged Arc Furnace

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