Managing the electromagnetic environment of hospital IoT systems

Hanada, Eisuke; Kudou, Takato

doi:10.1109/isemc.2018.8393921

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Various factors are involved in the hospital that can lead to EMI risk or its increment: 1) Infrastructure of the hospital rooms-Metal coating on hospital's doors, windows, floor, walls (concrete, doped glass), ceiling, pipes, cables, etc. makes them reflective for electromagnetic waves [11]. This leads to multipath behavior of EM waves increasing chances of constructive interference resulting in enhanced electric field strength which doesn't always decrease with increasing distance between source and victim making the hospital environment a complex environment.…”

Section: Factors Led To the Risk Of Emi Increment In Hospitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Management Plan For the Hospital Environment

Das

Vogt-Ardatjew

Berg³

et al. 2022

2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe

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A risk management plan is placed in ISO 14971:2019 standard for mitigating different kinds of risk related to the use of medical electrical equipment including the electromagnetic interference (EMI) risk in the hospital environment. However, EMI accidents in the hospital are still happening indicating that further improvement in the risk management plan is required. Currently, the risk management plan in the standard does not factor in the hospital environment realistically, leading to incomplete risk analysis, evaluation, estimation, and control methods. Due to the dynamic environment of hospitals, the rule-based EMC approach is insufficient and the risk-based EMC approach should be utilized in improving risk management plans. In this paper, we utilized several risk-based EMC approach techniques and measurements such as the foot-printing technique, for properly examining the hospital environment, source-victim matrix tool, to categorize the severity of EMI issue, statistical tools like probability density function, cumulative density function, etc., to calculate probability and predict any future EMI risk. These techniques assist in the zoning of the hospital environment into low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk for which risk control methods can be established. Overall, we hinted toward improving the risk management plan, in terms of flexibility, accuracy, and reliability, using risk-based EMC approach techniques

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Section: Factors Led To the Risk Of Emi Increment In Hospitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Management Plan For the Hospital Environment

Das

Vogt-Ardatjew

Berg³

et al. 2022

2022 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility – EMC Europe

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“…WLAN operating at 2.45 GHz, with 100 mW adapters creates interference with other MD if the distance of separation is less than 10 cm [23]. As mentioned in [25], the installation of the Internet of Things (IoT) in hospitals will save the time of the staff, be beneficial to patients, and will upgrade the quality of treatment, but will increase EMI risks. Light-emitting diode (LED) lights are mostly used in modern hospitals as they are energy-saving and can be used longer than conventional lights, but it has been shown that LED is one of the causes for generating EMI [26].…”

Section: A Sources Of Emimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environment can have a strong impact on creating EMI. In a hospital, there are many different materials made of metal like reflecting doors, windows, floor, walls (concrete, coated glass) [25], ceiling, pipes, cables, etc. The EM waves tend to reflect from those structures in multiple directions, changing polarizations, and creating resonances.…”

Section: Hospital As a Semi-reverberant Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-based EMC Approach in Hospital Environment

Das

Vogt-Ardatjew

Berg³

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility &Amp; Signal/Power Integrity (EMCSI)

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A modern hospital has a wide range of medical devices that can be technologically very advanced and complex in terms of electromagnetic emissions and susceptibility. It is a public environment where people carry communication equipment and/or medical active implants. Therefore, electromagnetic interference among the devices in the hospital environment is not an unfamiliar topic. There is a misconception among engineers that if all medical devices comply with harmonized standards, then the installation of a large number of medical devices altogether would work absolutely fine. However, this is not always true, and so for complex systems, a smarter approach is necessary to assess and control the risks of electromagnetic interference. This paper emphasizes the importance of using the risk-based approach to deal with the often unpredictable factors causing electromagnetic interference in a complex hospital environment.

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“…For example, non-metal periodic structures are promising for the selective shielding of specific frequencies. It is an application of the band gap characteristic of photonic crystals to microwave regions that change the scale of the structure [14]. This type of shielding technology can control the brightness of a room, which influences both the medical staff 's labor environment and the patient's environment.…”

Section: Enabling Control Of Electromagnetic Fieldesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing the Environment for IoT Systems - Toward a "Smart Hospital"

Hanada¹

2018

Int J Comput Softw Eng

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Background: A "smart hospital" is a concept in which various kinds of data can be automatically acquired and analyzed. The acquired data may include patient, staff, device, facility, environmental, and financial data. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a hot topic worldwide, with IoT Systems being introduced to a wide variety of settings, including in the medical field. IoT systems are essential to making a hospital smart. However, the benefits of its use will be not realized if the infrastructure necessary for efficient IoT is not in place. Methods:The present situation of and problems with the introduction of IoT into hospitals are summarized, with a focus on the electromagnetic environment. Results:The careful introduction of an IoT system can result in time-savings by the hospital staff, time that can be used for patient treatment and improving the hospital environment, which leads to raising the quality of treatment. Conclusion:In order to install and make IoT systems work safely and efficiently, managing the environment is the most important consideration, especially for wireless communication. The type and composition of IoT depends on the infrastructure, including the environment. Figure: 1 Structure of an IoT type information system.

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Managing the electromagnetic environment of hospital IoT systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Risk Management Plan For the Hospital Environment

Risk Management Plan For the Hospital Environment

Risk-based EMC Approach in Hospital Environment

Managing the Environment for IoT Systems - Toward a "Smart Hospital"

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