Managing Spacecraft Waste Using the Heat Melt Compactor (HMC)

Jones, Harry W.; Pace, Greg; Fisher, John W.

doi:10.2514/6.2013-3362

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Compaction, pyrolysis, incineration, and microbial and ozone oxidation have been investigated because of their promise for safening wastes, reducing volume, recovering water and producing useful commodities such as methane, carbon dioxide and water. For example, NASA Ames Research Center has investigated the heat melt compaction of wet and dry wastes to reduce volume by ten-fold and recover water (Pace et al 2011;Jones et al 2013). Hard tiles will be produced if the waste stream contains a sufficient amount of plastics (approximately 20% or greater) to bind and enclose the other wastes.…”

Section: Waste Treatment By Compaction Pyrolysis Incineration and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Table 3 Operating parameters and results of ozone oxidation of HFWS. The ratio of mass of CO 2 produced per unit mass consumed of gravimetrically measured HFWS is a. ozonation may be useful to treat mixed trash and wastes thereby leaving a clean, stable, sterile, and inert residual of plastic, cloth, and metal (from aluminized food packaging) that can then be processed with a Heat Melt Compactor for volume reduction, long term storage, and radiation shielding (Jones 2013).…”

Section: Ozone Oxidation Of Hfwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low temperature ozone oxidation of solid waste surrogates

Nabity

Lee

2015

Advances in Space Research

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Section: Waste Treatment By Compaction Pyrolysis Incineration and Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ozone Oxidation Of Hfwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature ozone oxidation of solid waste surrogates

Nabity

Lee

2015

Advances in Space Research

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Oversimplification of Systems Engineering Goals, Processes, and Criteria in NASA Space Life Support

Jones

2022

INCOSE International Symp

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This paper investigates the oversimplification of the inherently complex systems engineering process in space life support. The standard systems engineering process steps are described. The International Space Station (ISS) life support system is explained with its goals and performance criteria. Although it is not usually emphasized, the essential function of developing a hierarchy of systems and subsystems is to simplify the design process. The System Complexity Metric (SCM) shows how this divide-and-conquer approach also reduces the system complexity. The complete systems engineering process has many detailed steps. It is often simplified because of the effort required and the human limitations on working memory and decision span. Systems analysis demands slow, logical, and focused thinking but is often bypassed in favor of quick, intuitive, subconscious "gut feel." A study of 100 system designs found examples of 12 specific mental mistakes, such as ignoring stakeholder needs, and these mistakes are essentially oversimplifications of the systems engineering process. An analysis of space life support goals, options, criteria, and processes found 11 examples of oversimplifications in systems engineering, such as neglecting safety and cost. All these 11 oversimplifications could be traced to one or more of the 12 previously identified mental mistakes or other well-known ones, such as ignoring sunk costs. Oversimplification of the systems engineering process is rarely noticed but is a common and harmful problem. A study of failures in 50 different space systems found that problems in systems engineering caused failures and often led to errors in design, development, and test that further contributed to failure. It seems that more diligent systems engineering could prevent many project problems and failures, but projects seem to be more guided by "gut feel" based on tradition, authority, and consensus than on the logical, rational systems engineering approach.

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Oversimplification of Systems Engineering Goals, Processes, and Criteria in NASA Space Life Support

Jones

2023

INCOSE International Symp

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper investigates the oversimplification of the inherently complex systems engineering process in space life support. The standard systems engineering process steps are described. The International Space Station (ISS) life support system is explained with its goals and performance criteria. Although it is not usually emphasized, the essential function of developing a hierarchy of systems and subsystems is to simplify the design process. The System Complexity Metric (SCM) shows how this divide‐and‐conquer approach also reduces the system complexity. The complete systems engineering process has many detailed steps. It is often simplified because of the effort required and the human limitations on working memory and decision span. Systems analysis demands slow, logical, and focused thinking but is often bypassed in favor of quick, intuitive, subconscious “gut feel.” A study of 100 system designs found examples of 12 specific mental mistakes, such as ignoring stakeholder needs, and these mistakes are essentially oversimplifications of the systems engineering process. An analysis of space life support goals, options, criteria, and processes found 11 examples of oversimplifications in systems engineering, such as neglecting safety and cost. All these 11 oversimplifications could be traced to one or more of the 12 previously identified mental mistakes or other well‐known ones, such as ignoring sunk costs. Oversimplification of the systems engineering process is rarely noticed but is a common and harmful problem. A study of failures in 50 different space systems found that problems in systems engineering caused failures and often led to errors in design, development, and test that further contributed to failure. It seems that more diligent systems engineering could prevent many project problems and failures, but projects seem to be more guided by “gut feel” based on tradition, authority, and consensus than on the logical, rational systems engineering approach.

show abstract

Managing Spacecraft Waste Using the Heat Melt Compactor (HMC)

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Low temperature ozone oxidation of solid waste surrogates

Low temperature ozone oxidation of solid waste surrogates

Oversimplification of Systems Engineering Goals, Processes, and Criteria in NASA Space Life Support

Oversimplification of Systems Engineering Goals, Processes, and Criteria in NASA Space Life Support

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