Managing natural disturbance in protected areas: Tourists’ attitude towards the bark beetle in a German national park

Müller, Martín; Job, Hubert

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.10.037

Cited by 98 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…They do not seem to have made their minds either way; perhaps they have received less environmental education than professionals. A similar case was reported by Müller and Job (2009), who wrote that tourists had a neutral attitude towards the bark beetle if they knew little about the species, and a positive attitude if they had a better knowledge about it.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Role of gender, professional level, and geographic location of artists on how they represent a story: the case of Little Red Riding Hood

Barrientos¹,

Mónge-Nájera

Barrientos

et al. 2017

URJ

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Little Red Riding Hood is a widely known classic story and its text has been abundantly analyzed, but no detailed statistical studies have been published about how it has been illustrated. We analyzed 554 images from the public artists' site DeviantArt (January, 2015); classified them according to how the wolf, Little Red, and the environment were represented by the artists; and applied non-parametrical statistical tests to check several hypotheses. When compared with professionals, amateur artists tended to present a more neutral environment, and to humanize the wolf. Female artists were more likely to represent the wolf as a dressed man. Men were more likely to set the story outside of forests, to eroticize Red and to show her confused, scared or uninterested when first meeting the wolf. The neutral attitude of amateurs towards nature suggests indecision, while professional artists seem more used to produce family-friendly images. The female tendency to present the wolf as a man forces them to dress him and may reflect a stronger awareness about the moral of the story, meant to warn young women about men's sexuality. Men deviate more from the forest setting because they feel safer in new environments, and also appear to see Red as a sexually attractive partner and the wolf as a competitor. Artists tended to show no sexual intent between the characters, but those who did were mostly amateurs. The global similarity in art about Little Red Riding Hood indicates that all modern audiences are familiar with the standard representation of the story in books, films and television. This article presents a rigorous quantitative approach to the study of art that can be applied to many other stories and subjects.Key words: artistic interpretation, cultural differences, effect of gender on art, fairy tale representation. RESUMEN: Papel del género, nivel profesional y localización geográfica de los artistas sobre cómo representan una historia: el caso de Caperucita Roja. Caperucita Roja es una historia clásica muy conocida y su texto ha sido abundantemente analizado, pero no se han publicado estudios estadísticos detallados sobre cómo se ha ilustrado. Analizamos 554 imágenes del sitio DeviantArt.com (enero de 2015); clasificándolas de acuerdo a cómo representan los artistas al lobo, caperucita roja, y el ambiente. Aplicamos pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas para evaluar varias hipótesis. En comparación con los profesionales, los artistas aficionados tienden a presentar un ambiente más neutral, y a humanizar al lobo. Los hombres son más propensos a ubicar la historia fuera del bosque, a erotizar a caperucita; y mostrar su confusión, miedo o desinterés durante el primer encuentro con el lobo. La actitud neutral de los aficionados hacia la naturaleza sugiere indecisión, mientras que los profesionales producen imágenes dirigidas a toda la familia. La tendencia femenina a presentar al lobo como un hombre obliga a vestirlo y puede reflejar una mayor conciencia sobre la moral de la historia, destinada a advertir a las...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Role of gender, professional level, and geographic location of artists on how they represent a story: the case of Little Red Riding Hood

Barrientos¹,

Mónge-Nájera

Barrientos

et al. 2017

URJ

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“…No studies were identified that assess the awareness levels of sea and air passengers relating to tree pests and diseases despite this being identified as an issue (Putulan et al 2004). Müller and Job (2009) explored tourists' attitudes towards the native spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. The survey in the national park consisted of 608 members of the public identified as tourists (i.e.…”

Section: Outdoor Recreationists and Touristsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Part of the solution? Stakeholder awareness, information and engagement in tree health issues

et al. 2015

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The dangers posed to wooded environments from tree pests introduced by the expansion of international trade in live plants and the continued use of wood packaging in transporting materials have been widely accepted. A lack of awareness of the issues amongst key stakeholders involved in the movement of these materials can hamper an effective response as their unaltered behaviours continue to have unintended consequences. Better communication and engagement is needed to enrol this wider range of actors, such as plant buyers, traders and woodland owners, in preventative action or mitigation of tree pest impacts. However, as this review paper shows, current published evidence on awareness levels and effective engagement methods is limited, and lessons must be sought from research into other closely related issues such as invasive plants. We provide a summary of this available evidence, related to key stakeholder groupings, their levels of awareness and current modes of information provision and reception. It show what can at best be described as mediocre levels of awareness, and highlights the role of traditional media, such as television and newspapers, as sources of information. It further notes the urgent need for research to more fully map the tree health stakeholder landscape and to further our understanding of how to increase awareness and effect changes in behaviour.

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“…Attitudes towards conservation have been studied in Yellowstone National Park regarding wolf recovery (Duffield, Neher & Patterson, 2008) and attitudes to bark beetle infestation in a German national park (Müller & Job, 2009). Studies on interrelated attitudes are rarer, but Martín-López, Montes & Benayas (2007) considered biodiversity and its economic value in the Doñana National and Natural Park, Spain.…”

Section: Attitudes To Conservation and Sustainable Development In Parksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling attitudes to nature, tourism and sustainable development in national parks: A survey of visitors in China and the UK

Fox

2014

Tourism Management

111

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This research undertook a visitor survey in two protected areas in different cultural contexts, namely China and the UK, to explore whether the value a person attaches to the environment influences their attitude towards sustainable tourism development in national parks. Structural equation models were developed with data from 597 and 368 questionnaires collected in Jiuzhaigou National Scenic Area, China and the New Forest National Park, UK respectively. The results suggested that anthropocentric or ecocentric values significantly influence people's attitudes to tourism and sustainable development. The same structured causal relationship was found in both samples, between people's attitudes towards the natural environment, conservation and tourism in a national park context.

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Managing natural disturbance in protected areas: Tourists’ attitude towards the bark beetle in a German national park

Cited by 98 publications

References 24 publications

Role of gender, professional level, and geographic location of artists on how they represent a story: the case of Little Red Riding Hood

Role of gender, professional level, and geographic location of artists on how they represent a story: the case of Little Red Riding Hood

Part of the solution? Stakeholder awareness, information and engagement in tree health issues

Modelling attitudes to nature, tourism and sustainable development in national parks: A survey of visitors in China and the UK

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