Managing Foreign R&amp;D in China

Zedtwitz, Maximilian von; Ikeda, Tadashi; Gong, Li; Carpenter, Richard; Hämäläinen, Seppo

doi:10.1080/08956308.2007.11657437

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…But not always. Unexpected cultural and bureaucratic barriers as well as the fragility of intellectual property right can neutralize a part of the cost advantage (Armbrecht, 2002;von Zedtwitz et al, 2007). As an example, Kaga Denshi delegates part of its development tasks to its Chinese R&D center, but makes every effort to cope with security concerns.…”

Section: Low-cost Manufacturing and Technology Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Thorough economic analysis on costs and benefits of such investment is important (von Zedtwitz, Ikeda, Gong, Carpenter, & Hamalainen, 2007). As for R&D, immediate result is less visible, and causal ambiguity exists between investment and output.…”

Section: Conventional Wisdom Emerging Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidently, this phenomenon has been grabbing the attention of practitioners and journalists. Our intention in the paper is to bridge the gap between these two worlds so as to identify the extent to which what is going In China Li and Zhong (2003) Pattern of foreign R&D in China; explaining the growth of international R&D alliances in China Gassmann and Han (2004) Drivers and barriers for conducting R&D in China Lu and Liu (2004) R&D internationalization of Taiwanese IT companies in mainland China von Zedtwitz (2004) R&D missions, site build-up, integration with the parent organization, and overall performance measurement Zhao (2006) Weak intellectual property rights (IPR) protection Cheng (2007) The upgrading of multinational regional innovation networks in China Medcof (2007) Review on technology upgrading of MNC and the research on the development of Chinese high-tech firms Sun and Wen (2007) The concentration of foreign R&D in Shanghai and Beijing explained by imitative behaviors von Zedtwitz, Ikeda, Gong, Carpenter and Hamalainen (2007) Whether China R&D is more hype than reality; whether cost advantages really outweigh the risk of losing technology Walsh (2007) Motivations and changing trends of establishing R&D centers in China by foreign investors Yang and Jiang (2007) The challenge of high employee mobility under the weak intellectual property protection regime and its impact on location advantages In India Bowonder and Richardson (2000) Market reforms, liberalization and globalization of business-led R&D in India, with a focus on national innovation system and international R&D Feinberg and Majumdar (2001) Whether knowledge spillovers from MNC's local R&D activities benefit domestic firms in the Indian pharmaceutical industry Kathuria (2001) Whether presence of foreign-owned firms and technology import in a sector leads to higher productivity growth for domestic firms Manral (2001) Whether domestic Indian firms have benefited from foreign direct investment because of the transfer of technology from MNCs Nagesh and Aggarwal (2005) Determinants of R&D behavior of Indian enterprises and their impact on the R&D behavior of MNE affiliates and local enterprises Zhao (2006) Weak intellectual property rights (IPR) protection on in today's China and India differs from what has happened in the West in the past decades. In other words, we endeavor to compare and contrast what the conventional wisdom suggests and what the realities are in China and India.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Internationalization of R&D in China and India: Conventional wisdom versus reality

Asakawa

Som

2008

Asia Pac J Manage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Low-cost Manufacturing and Technology Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Conventional Wisdom Emerging Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Internationalization of R&D in China and India: Conventional wisdom versus reality

Asakawa

Som

2008

Asia Pac J Manage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By that time firms have accumulated international experience by being exposed to unexpected and different business environment enriched by studies about the setup and management of foreign R&D labs in China (Zedtwitz, 2004, Zedtwitz et al, 2007 and the innovation potential of India (World Bank, 2007;EIU 2007;Agarwal, Gupta and Dayal, 2007). Based on the emergence of these not only new big markets but also increasingly large and valuable knowledge pools the motives and drivers for international R&D activities have been extended.…”

Section: International Randd Location Decision -The Case Of Developing mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers for international innovation activities in developed and emerging countries

Schmiele

2011

J Technol Transf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW.Download this ZEW Discussion Paper from our ftp server:ftp://ftp.zew.de/pub/zew-docs/dp/dp09064.pdf Non-technical SummaryThe internationalisation of corporate R&D is an opportunity for firms to reach local knowledge and expertise which is distributed globally. Firms' innovation activities which are carried out abroad comprise either the localization of uniform products to local needs with locally available knowledge or the whole product development process including R&D.The aim of the paper is to show how internal firm capabilities as well as external forces from the firm's business and national innovation environment impact on the firm's decision to For the effect of the analysed internationalisation drivers per host country it could be shown that firms that innovate in countries with medium developed knowledge levels need pronounced export experience and in-house R&D activities than firms that innovate in advanced countries or nations with marginal knowledge levels. However, firms that plan to innovate in China should also engage in international R&D activities to further develop their international contacts. High innovation costs in the home country seem to motivate firms to innovate in medium knowledge countries while price competition fosters innovation activities in advanced knowledge economies but hinders firms to innovate in China. The overall conclusion emphasizes the capability driven decisions of firms to innovate abroad and not being forced predominantly by fierce competition or the lack of innovation resources in the home country. Das Wichtigste in KürzeIn AbstractThis paper aims to shed light on firm specific drivers that lead firms to internationalise their innovation activities. The paper draws a comprehensive picture of driving forces by including firm capabilities, characteristics of the firm's competitive environment and the influence of innovation obstacles in the home country. In particular, the role of the potential driving forces is tested on the probability to carry out different innovative activities abroad (R&D, design/conception of new products, manufacturing of innovative products and implementation of new processes). In a second step these driving forces are used to observe their impact on the decision to locate innovation activities in various countries and regions (China, Eastern Europe, Western Europe and North America) as well as in groups of countries with similar levels of knowledge (country clubs). The analysis is based on the...

show abstract

“…The TH may be one such framework. TNCs gradually have engaged themselves more and more in China (outsourcing/procurement, sales/production and R&D) and China has become one of the most desired locations for many TNCs to carry out R&D (von Zedtwitz, 2004;von Zedtwitz et al, 2007). In fact, two of the Danish global leading companies in their respective industries, call China their "second home market."…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple helix going abroad? The case of Danish experiences in China

Sørensen

2014

European Journal of Innovation Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:368933 [] For AuthorsIf you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and make sense of the internationalization of the triple helix (TH) model. Design/methodology/approach -As this study is exploitative in nature, an inductive approach is adopted in data collection and data analysis. The Danish TH's experiences in China are used as empirical evidences. Primary data are collected from in-depth interviews and discussions, filed observations, and personal experiences. Secondary data such as the government policies and documents, companies' annual reports, and reliable web sites are also included. Findings -The paper conceptualizes the internationalization of the TH into three stages: pioneering stage, exploration stage, and integration stage. In the pioneering stage, the authors see the establishment of each of the three helix spheres abroad, i.e. internationalization of companies, universities and governments; in the exploration stage, the three spheres start to interact abroad and collaborate with their counterparts in the host country; in the integration stage, helix to helix collaboration is emerging. Originality/value -This study has both theoretical and practical significance. It expands the existing TH theory by proposing a model for the internationalization of it. On the other hand, this study gives implications regarding utilizing global knowledge resources and enhancing innovation performances overseas. IntroductionTransnational companies (TNCs) are on a continuous global search for exploitative and explorative activities to improve their competitiveness. Related to China, this search took at first the form of outsourcing labor intensive activities in order to lower production costs. Outsourcing on a large scale started in the 1990s and peaked in the first five years of the new millennium. It is still popular but is running out of steam as there is less to outsource. However, the outsourcing wave has made China the world's manufacturing power house. The second form of the global search was that of exploiting the Chinese market, taking advantage of the increase in income as ...

show abstract

Managing Foreign R&D in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 1 publication

Internationalization of R&D in China and India: Conventional wisdom versus reality

Internationalization of R&D in China and India: Conventional wisdom versus reality

Drivers for international innovation activities in developed and emerging countries

Triple helix going abroad? The case of Danish experiences in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About