Managing coastal environments under climate change: Pathways to adaptation

Sánchez‐Arcilla, Agustín; Garcı́a-León, Manuel; Gràcia, Vicente; Devoy, R. J. N.; Stănică, Adrian; Gault, Jeremy

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.124

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(93 reference statements)

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“…The inclusion of the formulas for limit states of reshaping berm breakwaters (allowing a considerable amount of rearrangements and displacements of rocks to occur) could modify the extracted results under the same hydraulic conditions, as the failure probabilities for global stability of the rubble mound breakwater would decrease, adding to a further reduction of downtime costs for the studied marina. Reliability function for mitigation option i and failure mechanism j i Index of the mitigation option (i = 1-4) j Index of the failure mechanism (j = 1-4) R Z Resistance of the structure S Z Loading of the structure n Total number of simulations n f Number of simulations for which the condition Z ≤ 0 is valid P f Failure probability Z 11 Reliability function for breakwater stability under mitigation option 1 P Permeability coefficient of breakwater structure N Number of waves S Damage level (ratio of area eroded in a given cross-section) Reliability function for breakwater toe stability under mitigation option 1 Z 21 Reliability function for breakwater's primary armor layer stability under mitigation option 2 C r Reduction factor due to the effect of armored crest berm G c Crest berm width [m] Z 22 Reliability function for excessive wave overtopping of the breakwater under mitigation option 2 Z 23 Reliability function for breakwater toe stability under mitigation option 2 Z 31 Reliability function for breakwater's primary armor layer stability under mitigation option 3 K t Wave transmission coefficient (for low-crested structures) B…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suh et al [19] developed a methodology that incorporates the effects of climate change in the design of caisson breakwaters. Becker et al [20], Suh et al [21], and Sánchez-Arcilla et al [22] studied the possible effects of climate change on port and harbor operations and related infrastructure. Chini & Stansby [23] and Mase et al [24] investigated the influence of both sea level rise (SLR) and future wave and storm surge climate on overtopping of a sea wall, and the stability of composite breakwaters with wave-dissipating blocks, respectively.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the addition of a third layer on the breakwater seaside primary armor layer is combined with crest elements, i.e., a crown wall on the breakwater crest, Equation (15) can be used to express the reliability function for excessive wave overtopping, Z 22 . In case the addition of a third armor layer is not combined with elevated superstructures on breakwater crest, the EurOtop [72] formula is used to construct the reliability function for excessive wave overtopping:…”

Section: Addition Of a Third Protective Armor Layer Combined With Heimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimized Reliability Based Upgrading of Rubble Mound Breakwaters in a Changing Climate

Γαλιατσάτου¹,

Makris²,

Prinos³

2018

JMSE

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The present work aims at presenting an approach on implementing appropriate mitigation measures for the upgrade of rubble mound breakwaters protecting harbors and/or marinas against increasing future marine hazards and related escalating exposure to downtime risks. This approach is based on the reliability analysis of the studied structure coupled with economic optimization techniques. It includes the construction of probability distribution functions for all the stochastic variables of the marine climate (waves, storm surges, and sea level rise) for present and future conditions, the suggestion of different mitigation options for upgrading, the construction of a fault tree providing a logical succession of all events that lead to port downtime for each alternative mitigation option, and conclusively, the testing of a large number of possible alternative geometries for each option. A single solution is selected from the total sample of acceptable geometries for each upgrading concept that satisfy a probabilistic constraint in order to minimize the total costs of protection. The upgrading options considered in the present work include the construction or enhancement of a crown wall on the breakwater crest, the addition of the third layer of rocks above the primary armor layer of the breakwater (combined with crest elements), the attachment of a berm on the primary armor layer, and the construction of a detached low-crested structure in front of the breakwater. The proposed methodology is applied to an indicative rubble mound breakwater with an existing superstructure. The construction of a berm on the existing primary armor layer of the studied breakwater (port of Deauville, France), seems to be advantageous in terms of optimized total costs compared to other mitigation options.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Addition Of a Third Protective Armor Layer Combined With Heimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimized Reliability Based Upgrading of Rubble Mound Breakwaters in a Changing Climate

Γαλιατσάτου¹,

Makris²,

Prinos³

2018

JMSE

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“…On the longterm, if sea-level continues to rise and flooding becomes permanent, managers are left with options to relocate or raise the land. Raising land may be undertaken through river diversion, such as being done or planned for in rural parts of the Mississippi delta [34], the southwest of Bangladesh [49] and the Ebro delta [50].…”

Section: Rural Open Coast/delta/estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another pathway could start with low-cost green protection measures with for example reed beds or mangroves, to dissipate waves and reduce erosion and flooding. For example, pathways for the Danube and Ebro deltas first consider green protection with reeds combined with raising the land via strategic sediment measures, with a later option of set-back lines within a planned realignment of the coastline [50]. Along parts of the coast in the UK (e.g., The Wash), Germany (e.g., Langeoog Island), and the Netherlands (e.g., Westerschelde), managed realignment is implemented to restore saltMarshes and to aid coastal defence [51][52][53].…”

Section: Rural Open Coast/delta/estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Generic adaptation pathways for coastal archetypes under uncertain sea-level rise

Haasnoot

Brown

Scussolini

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Commun.

112

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Adaptation to coastal flood risk is hampered by high uncertainty in the rate and magnitude of sea-level rise. Subsequently, adaptation decisions carry strong risks of under-or over-investment, and could lead to costly retrofitting or unnecessary high margins. To better allocate resources timely and effectively, and achieve long-term sustainability, planners could utilise adaptation pathways, revealing the path-dependencies of adaptation options. This helps to identify low-regret short-term decisions that preserve options in an uncertain future, while monitoring to detect signals to adapt. A major barrier to the application of adaptation pathways is limited experience. To facilitate this, here we generalize this pathways approach for six common coastal archetypes, resulting in generic pathways suitable to be adjusted to local conditions. This provides a much richer analysis of coastal adaptation than provided by any previous analysis, by assessing the solution space and options over time for a variety of coastal regions. Based on this analysis, we find that the number of adaptation options declines while sea-level rises. For some archetypes, it becomes clear that long-term thinking is needed now, about if, how and when to move to transformative options, such as planned retreat, which may presently not be considered or acceptable. Our analysis further shows that coastal adaptation needs to start earlier than anticipated, especially given time required for local debate and choice and to implement measures.

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The morphological response of foredunes at a breached barrier system to winter 2013/2014 storms on the southwest coast of Ireland

Kandrot

Farrell

Devoy

2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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The level of storminess in Ireland during the winter of 2013/2014 was exceptional, the effects of which cost the Irish state in excess of €260 million in infrastructure repair and insurance claims. In Ireland, a lack of coastal process data from monitoring programmes means that the response of protective barrier coasts to such events remains largely un‐investigated. This study addresses this issue through an examination of the geomorphic impacts of recent storms, including those that occurred during the winter 2013/2014, on a breached barrier on the southwest coast of Ireland. Data from a two‐year terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) monitoring campaign shows that the winter 2013/2014 events caused a major (>50 m) dune recession at Rossbehy, County Kerry. Results from a simple linear regression analysis indicate storm duration plays an important role in the removal of foredunes at the study site. Given the fact that the frequency of intense storms in the vicinity of Ireland is forecast to increase within the next century, a scientific understanding of barrier response to such events is critical to inform sound management practices. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Managing coastal environments under climate change: Pathways to adaptation

Cited by 79 publications

References 64 publications

Optimized Reliability Based Upgrading of Rubble Mound Breakwaters in a Changing Climate

Optimized Reliability Based Upgrading of Rubble Mound Breakwaters in a Changing Climate

Generic adaptation pathways for coastal archetypes under uncertain sea-level rise

The morphological response of foredunes at a breached barrier system to winter 2013/2014 storms on the southwest coast of Ireland

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