Managing charity 4.0 with Blockchain: a case study at the time of Covid-19

Abstract

The Covid-19 emergency is demonstrating the need to follow new solutions that can support the important role played by non-profit organizations around the world. Contrary to what should have happened to further combat the effect of pandemic, the majority of philanthropic organisations had a negative impact on fundraising, suffering a substantial decrease. Today, the Blockchain can play a pivotal role to re-establish pre-pandemic standards and enhance the development of global philanthropy. However, it is still too little considered due to the criticalities encountered during the launch and development of the initiatives as well as for a general incomprehension of its technology. Therefore, this work aims to demonstrate the Blockchain impact on the development of charity 4.0, especially in an extremely dramatic historical moment marked by the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective is achieved through the case study of Charity Wall, an emerging Italian social marketplace appreciated by important business associations for its innovative solutions in the charity 4.0 sector and for the important support provided to NPOs during their traditional function as well as against Covid-19 in Italy. Through a benchmark analysis, this work succeeds in highlighting the innovative solutions proposed by Charity Wall compared to the charity 4.0 systems on the market. More specifically, through the Charity Wall case study it is possible to demonstrate which aspects of Blockchain technology can be used to strengthen the philanthropic system by avoiding cases of fraud to the detriment of beneficiaries, receivers and donors as well as to create a closer network between the various philanthropic players to support charitable initiatives against the Covid-19.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Blockchain for COVID-19: a comprehensive review

“…The proposed system was build on top of the Ethereum network and can facilitates information sharing, allocate the funds as well as internal management. The authors in [102] presented a BC-based Charity 4.0 using the example of Charity Wall as a case study. The study presents the shortcoming of the platform and drawing comparisons to how BC technology help in preventing them.…”

“…They also have pointed out the urgent need for redesigning of the current structure of supply chains and include localization, agility and digitization. These can be [113] 2019 Proposed BC framework called Charity-Chain Build on the Ethereum network and provides the donor with complete knowledge of their donation Yaeger et al [134] 2019 Eliminate mistrust using smart contracts Fine is levied on the doctor if mistake is made Xuan et al [133] 2020 Incentive mechanism based on smart contracts Dynamically hand out rewards to encourage the volunteers Wu et al [129] 2020 End-To-End BC framework to manage charity contributions Information sharing, donation allocation, internal management Rangone et al [102] 2021 Proposed BC-based Charity 4.0 Case-study to point out advantages of BC achieved by integrating BC to the supply chain management system and thus create resilience, minimize waste, and support a more sustainable supply chain [83]. Patrick et al [115] suggested a drug supply chain management system based on BC technology which they called Pharmacosurveillance BC System.…”

Using Blockchain to Ensure Trust between Donor Agencies and NGOs in Under-Developed Countries

“…One of the promising areas of blockchain is the record-keeping of charity organizations' activities. A lot of attempts [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have been made to find a way for a proper charitable platform to run based on blockchain technology. Muhammad, Misbah and Adnan [12] claimed that the current systems are unstructured, vague, and lacking in donor confidence.…”

“…Rizal Mohd Nor et al [15] proposed a blockchain-based donation system to solve the issues of third-party extra fees, payment processing delays, and accountability. Adalberto Rangone and Luca Busolli [16] examined the idea of Charity Wall [17] and suggested that different aspects of blockchain technology can be used to strengthen the philanthropic system. Furthermore, Wang 'Jia and Chen Haifeng studied the blockchainbased charity application in China and acknowledged that many common issues related to donation systems can be avoided by using blockchain.…”

Crisis mapping in the “senses” arena narratives

“…Most of the NPOs have taken a considerable hit across the board on fundraising (Rangone & Busolli, 2021). More specifically, despite the NPOs' efforts, it has been noticed a decrease in funding and reported difficulties in reaching donors (Kim & Han, 2020).…”