Managing adaptive performance in teams: Guiding principles and behavioral markers for measurement

Creating a Team Tutor Using GIFT

“…The method of interaction with the user interface must be determined such that the aspects of behavior relevant to accomplishing the goal can be detected, measured, and graded by the tutor (Traum et al 2003). For team constructs such as the 9 C's, researchers have proposed principles that can be used to choose behavioral markers (Rosen et al 2011), as well as specific examples (Sottilare et al 2017). When the mapping between a behavioral marker and the skill is uncertain, ITS authors have frequently used a Bayesian approach to estimate the probability of an action representing a lucky guess or an accidental slip (Corbett and Anderson 1995).…”

When shared cognition leads to closed minds: Temporal mental models, team learning, adaptation and performance

“…Increasingly scholars emphasize that in complex and demanding contexts teams need to be able to adapt quickly and appropriately to recurrent changes (Baard, Rench, & Kozlowski, 2014;Burke, Stagl, Salas, Pierce, & Kendal, 2006;Rosen et al, 2011). Teams need to adjust their cognitive and behavioral processes to allow them to evaluate and analyze situations in order to adjust to them in the best way possible (Burke et al, 2006;Randall, Resick, & DeChurch, 2011;Uitdewilligen, Waller, & Pitariu, 2013).…”

“…Teams need to adjust their cognitive and behavioral processes to allow them to evaluate and analyze situations in order to adjust to them in the best way possible (Burke et al, 2006;Randall, Resick, & DeChurch, 2011;Uitdewilligen, Waller, & Pitariu, 2013). Team learning plays a crucial role as an essential, though not sufficient, condition for team adaptation (Burke et al, 2006;Rosen et al, 2011). Team adaptation, as a process, occurs when a team recognizes that a change happens in the team environment, and is able to effectively address the unexpected situation (Baard et al, 2014;Maynard, Kennedy, & Sommer, 2015).…”

“…When team members engage in team learning processes, they evaluate and reflect on past performance episodes and interpret the consequences of team actions. Therefore, they are likely to improve their task and team processes, which enables the team to adapt to novel situations, which in turn facilitates performance -the objective criterion that indicates team level task accomplishment (Hackman, 1987;Rosen et al, 2011).…”

“…Further, we contribute to the team learning literature by analyzing the effect of team learning on team adaptation, and on performance, as recent theoretical models have suggested (Burke et al, 2006;Rosen et al, 2011).…”