Management of radon: a review of ICRP recommendations

Vaillant, Ludovic; Bataillé, Christophe

doi:10.1088/0952-4746/32/3/r1

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The radon concentration varies from (264.59-539.72) Bq/m 3 with a mean value of (369.29±15.55) Bq/m 3 . It is notices that, radon concentration in the studied area are within the recommended limits of ICRP and closed or less than the nearby countries [30,31]. The radon exhalation rate in terms of area and in terms of mass varies from (460.08-938.47) mBq.m -2 .h -1 with a mean value of (642.12±27.04) mBq.m -2 .h -1 and (25.99-53.02) mBq.kg -1 .h -1 with a mean value of (36.28±4.14) mBq.kg -1 .h -1 .…”

Section: Theoretical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Measurement of Radium Concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates of Soil Samples Collected from Selected Area of Aden Governorate, Yemen, Using Plastic Track Detectors

AS-Subaihi¹,

Harb²,

Abdulgabar³

2019

IJHEP

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Radon exhalation rate from soil is one of the most important factors for evaluation of the environmental radon level. Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (CR-39) has been widely used for the study of different aspects of radon emission from soil and others. In this paper, we are presenting the results of radon concentration, its exhalation rate and radium content in soil samples collected from different locations of northern part of Aden governorate, south of Yemen. The outdoor radon levels concentrations were found to vary from 264.59Bq m-3 to 539.72Bq m-3 with a mean value of 369.29Bq m-3. The radon exhalation rate in terms of area and in terms of mass were found to vary from 460.08 mBq.m-2 .h-1 to 938.47mBq.m-2 .h-1 with a mean value of 642.12mBq.m-2 .h-1 and from 25.99mBq.m-2 .h-1 to 53.02mBqkg-1 .h-1 with a mean value of 36.28 mBqkg-1 .h-1. The results of effective radium concentrations in these sites were found to vary from 3.44 Bqkg-1 to 7.01 Bqkg-1 with a mean value of 4.80Bqkg-1. The working level varied from 4.54mWL to 9.26mWL with a mean value of 6.34mWL. The radon annual effective dose was varied from 0.049mSvy-1 to 0.100mSvy-1 with a mean value of (0.068±0.18) mSvy-1 for outdoor and from 0.20mSvy-1 to 0.40mSvy-1 with a mean value of 0.27mSvy-1 for indoor. The results indicate that the soil is quite safe for occupancies and to be used as building materials.

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Section: Theoretical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 56%

Measurement of Radium Concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates of Soil Samples Collected from Selected Area of Aden Governorate, Yemen, Using Plastic Track Detectors

AS-Subaihi¹,

Harb²,

Abdulgabar³

2019

IJHEP

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“…Radon and radon decay products have been predicted to deliver radiation doses to breast tissue [ 15 , 16 ]. Although most inhaled radon gas is subsequently exhaled, the majority of the radon-related radiation dose to humans is from the radon decay products polonium-218 and polonium-214 [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental radon exposure and breast cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study II

et al. 2017

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BackgroundRadon and its decay products, a source of ionizing radiation, are primarily inhaled and can deliver a radiation dose to breast tissue, where they may continue to decay and emit DNA damage-inducing particles. Few studies have examined the relationship between radon and breast cancer.MethodsThe Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII) includes U.S. female registered nurses who completed biennial questionnaires since 1989. Self-reported breast cancer was confirmed from medical records. County-level radon exposures were linked with geocoded residential addresses updated throughout follow-up. Time-varying Cox regression models adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsFrom 1989 to 2013, 3966 invasive breast cancer cases occurred among 112,639 participants. Increasing radon exposure was not associated with breast cancer risk overall (adjusted HR comparing highest to lowest quintile = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.21, p for trend = 0.30). However, women in the highest quintile of exposure (≥74.9 Bq/m3) had a suggested elevated risk of ER−/PR- breast cancer compared to women in the lowest quintile (<27.0 Bq/m3) (adjusted HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.96, p for trend = 0.05). No association was observed for ER+/PR+ breast cancer.ConclusionsAlthough we did not find an association between radon exposure and risk of overall or ER+/PR+ breast cancer, we observed a suggestive association with risk of ER−/PR- breast cancer.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-017-0305-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Therefore, in no time one can be 100% risk-free. This indicates uncertainty of the risk and justifies ICRP’s (2010) recommendation to mitigate indoor radon even at a lower level to keep the level as low as possible, not to eliminate as that is impractical (Vaillant and Bataille, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Radon interventions around the globe: A systematic review

Khan

Gomes

Krewski

2019

Heliyon

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Background Radon is the primary source of environmental radiation exposure posing a significant human health risk in cold countries. In Canada, most provinces have revised building codes by 2017, requiring construction solutions to avoid radon in all new buildings. While various construction solutions and remediation techniques have been proposed and evaluated, the question about the best method that would effectively reduce radon in a variety of contexts remained unanswered. Radon practitioners, officials of radon control programs, and businesses offering radon testing and mitigation services, builders, property managers, homeowners and residents also have similar queries. Objective This paper systematically reviewed both experimental and observational studies (S) with radon interventions (I) used globally in residential houses (P) compared to other residential or model houses (C) to evaluate relative mitigation effectiveness (O) that could guide selecting the best radon reduction strategy for residential buildings. Methods Two researchers searched fifteen academic bibliographic and grey literature databases for radon intervention studies conducted around the world, with particular emphasis on areas of North America and Europe published from 1990 to 2018. Interventions in residential and model houses were included, but studies piloted purely in the lab were excluded; the PRISMA checklist was used to synthesize data; Cochrane and Hamilton tools were used to evaluate study quality. Results Studies around the globe have investigated a variety of construction solutions, radon mitigation and remediation systems with different levels of effectiveness. In most cases, sub-slab or sump depressurization system (SSDS) with active ventilation technique was found more effective in achieving a significant and sustained radon reduction than the passive methods such as sealing, membrane, block and beam, simple ventilation, or filtration. The choice of an optimal strategy largely depends on the factors related to the initial radon level, routes of entry, building design and age, as well as other geologic, atmospheric, and climatic conditions. Conclusion Although an active SSDS is the best mitigation systems, at places, it needs to be combined with another system and installed by a trained radon professional considering the pertinent factors to ensure radon level continues to remain below the action level. This study did not conduct any economic evaluation of the mitigation measures. Future review with studies on the implementation of new building codes will provide updated evidence. Recommendation For the practical implementation of radon mitigation, training of the construction industry, information provision for residents, the establishment of public funds, incorporation of radon-prone areas in the land utilization maps, and enacting building codes deemed ...

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Management of radon: a review of ICRP recommendations

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Measurement of Radium Concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates of Soil Samples Collected from Selected Area of Aden Governorate, Yemen, Using Plastic Track Detectors

Measurement of Radium Concentration and Radon Exhalation Rates of Soil Samples Collected from Selected Area of Aden Governorate, Yemen, Using Plastic Track Detectors

Environmental radon exposure and breast cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study II

Radon interventions around the globe: A systematic review

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