Management of Pyrethroid-resistant Tobacco Budworms on Cotton in the United States

Plapp, Frederick W.; Campanhola, Clayton; Bagwell, R. D.; McCutchen, B. F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-6429-0_9

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Ideally, an efÞcient and reliable bioassay should be developed, such as the glass vial technique used for monitoring pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens (Plapp et al 1990). For B. thuringiensis resistance monitoring, however, this type of bioassay is not appropriate because toxic B. thuringiensis proteins are active only upon ingestion by the insect, are more labile than chemical insecticides, and are not soluble in organic solvents (Stone and Sims 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Diagnostic Concentrations for Monitoring <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Resistance in European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Marçon

Siegfried

Spencer

et al. 2000

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Diagnostic Concentrations for Monitoring <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Resistance in European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Marçon

Siegfried

Spencer

et al. 2000

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“…Once resistance occurs, the focus really becomes resistant-pest management (6), in which monitoring methods can be used that are less dependent on large sample size (18,39,47,103). One caveat to this worst-case scenario is that if a new resistance event is fortuitously limited to one geographic area, statistically sensitive and logistically feasible resistance monitoring can then be developed and implemented in other at-risk locations (agriculture, forests, urban habitats).…”

Section: Goalsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Over 500 species of arthropods have developed resistance to one or more pesticides (51), with some pests having developed resistance within 3 years after the introduction of a new insecticide (103,128). More recently, at least 12 species of insects have developed resistance to various toxins from the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) (62,124), including the first case of resistance to Bt in field populations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (125).…”

Section: Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, eggs and larvae of many Lepidoptera are usually field-collected, then laboratory-reared for one or more generations before bioassays can be conducted on neonate progeny (e.g., 17,103,115). The traditional lethal dose bioassay consisted of comparing shifts in the amount of a pesticide necessary to kill 50% of a test population, measured as the lethal dose (LD 50 ) or lethal concentration (LC 50 ) (47).…”

Section: Lethal Dose Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies and Statistics of Sampling for Rare Individuals

Venette

Moon

Hutchison

2002

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

142

144

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Diverse subdisciplines within entomology recognize the detection of rare individuals as the precursor to effective management of these individuals. Unfortunately, detection methods have often developed on a case-by-case basis, and advances in one subdiscipline have not carried over to similarly related fields. The biology of a particular organism will certainly affect sampling methods, but the underlying principles governing the power of a sampling strategy to detect rare individuals will apply across taxa. Our review of the sampling literature demonstrates the common problem of detecting rare individuals, reviews the fundamentals of probability theory as a foundation for any monitoring program, and discusses the inferences that can be drawn from samples, especially when resources limit sampling efforts. Particular emphasis is placed on binomial-, beta-binomial-, and hypergeometric-based sampling strategies as they pertain to quarantine inspections for exotic pests, veterinary/medical entomology, and insecticide resistance monitoring.

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“…1) has been one of the most-damaging insect pests of tobacco and cotton; therefore, it is also one of the most-studied species; the larvae are voracious fruit feeders, especially on fruiting structures. Over the years, H. virescens has developed resistance to most of the commonly used insecticides, such as organophosphates, carbamates [8] [9], and pyrethroids [10] [11]. Several biochemical studies have shown that insecticide resistance in tobacco budworm as well as in a number of other insects is caused by increased metabolic and detoxifying enzymatic activity [12 ± 14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Metabolism of α‐ and β‐Peptides in the Insect Heliothis virescens and in Plant Cells of Black Mexican Sweet Maize

Lind

Greenhow

Perry

et al. 2004

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The tripeptide H-Val-Ala-Leu-OH and the N-Ac-tetrapeptide amide Ac-Thr-Lys-Trp-Phe-NH2, and their beta-peptidic counterparts H-beta(3)hVal-beta(3)hAla-beta(3)hLeu-OH and Ac-beta(3)hThr-(S)beta(2)hLys-beta(3)hTrp-beta(3)hPhe-NH2, respectively, have been injected into Heliothis virescens larvae and added to cell cultures of black mexican sweet maize. The body liquids of the larvae and the supernatant of the plant cell cultures were sampled 0, 2, 3, 6, 17, and/or 24 h after application and analyzed by LC/MS. While the two alpha-peptides were degraded rapidly in these environments, the concentration of the beta-peptides was found to decrease very slowly. Thus, ca. 60% of the original amount of the beta-tetrapeptide was detected in the liquids of the insect after 24 h. The plant cells did not seem to make use of the beta-peptides at all, whereas, the alpha-tripeptide completely disappeared from the supernatant after 3 h. Thus, we have demonstrated, for the first time, the high stability of beta-peptides against degradation and metabolism in an insect and a plant. Especially remarkable is the persistence of the beta-tetrapeptide with its functionalised and, thus, 'metabolisable' side chains of Thr, Lys, Trp, and Phe in the insect larvae, which are known to have a high level of activity of oxidizing enzymes. The results described here match those of ADME investigations with radioactively labeled beta-peptides in rats, where essentially complete stability has been observed, while environmental microorganisms have been found to biodegrade beta-peptides, albeit slowly. Possible implications of these findings for biomedical and pest-control applications are proposed.

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Management of Pyrethroid-resistant Tobacco Budworms on Cotton in the United States

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Development of Diagnostic Concentrations for Monitoring <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Resistance in European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Development of Diagnostic Concentrations for Monitoring <I>Bacillus thuringiensis</I> Resistance in European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Strategies and Statistics of Sampling for Rare Individuals

Comparative Metabolism of α‐ and β‐Peptides in the Insect Heliothis virescens and in Plant Cells of Black Mexican Sweet Maize

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