Management of Potato Brown Rot Disease by Chemically and Eco-Friendly Produced CuO-NPs, MgO-NPs

Abstract

Background: In terms of production and consumption, the potato crop is one of the major vegetables in Egypt. The brown rot disease causes enormous losses to the potato industry every year. To lower the risk of pesticide residues, this study focuses on the effective suppression of R. solanacearum, the agent responsible for brown rot disease in potatoes, both in vitro and in vivo with efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly medication CuO and MgO metal oxide nanoparticles. Results: In the current study, CuO and MgO metal oxide nanoparticles were produced using a simple chemical process. Using UV-visible spectroscopy, TEM, the Zeta potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Infrared spectroscopy using Fourier transform (FTIR), the average particle size, the morphology, and the structure of nanoparticles were investigated. Antibacterial effects against R. solanacearum's growth were strongly suppressed by CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs at 3 mg/mL; ZOI measured 19.3 mm, and 17 mm, respectively. The (MIC) stands for minimum inhibitory concentration while (MBC) stands for minimum bactericidal concentration for CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs, respectively, they were measured to be 0.5, 0.6, and 0.6, 0.75 mg/mL. As-prepared CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs at MIC concentrations considerably reduced the disease occurrence to 71.2% and 69.4%, respectively, as opposed to 43.0% and 39.5% persisted in the bulk CuSO4 and bulk MgSO4, according to in-vivo application verified by seed dressing with tuber soaking application. As compared to infected plants, the yield, total chlorophyll content, and enzyme efficiency of potatoes all increased significantly. After interactions with CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs, lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural investigations using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that the cytomembrane of bacteria was severely harmed by nanomechanical forces. Conclusion: The promising CuO-NPs and MgO-NPs for use as intelligent substances for agriculture management of the plant pathogen since it paves the way for future investigations on the use of metal oxide nanoparticles as risk-free options to treat plant diseases that are the biggest challenges. Consequently, the notable increase in the yield of the potato crop, photosynthetic pigments, enzymatic activity, and total phenol promote resistance to the Ralstonia solanacearum compared to the infected control.