Management of peri-implantitis

Decision Tree for the Management of Periimplant Diseases

“…Although this condition can also be treated with guided bone regeneration, according to the literature, it is very difficult to regain osseointegration. [59][60][61] In regard to implants with bone loss extending to less than half of the fixture length, we recommend to examine the amount of bone loss. If bone loss is Ͻ2 mm, then our treatment approach will be primarily nonsurgical, similar to the treatment of periimplant mucositis, as described earlier.…”

Antimicrobial activity of nanoparticulate metal oxides against peri-implantitis pathogens

“…Species most commonly associated with this disease include Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Micromonas micros and Campylobacter rectus. Once a peri-implant lesion occurs, opportunistic microorganisms not directly related to the disease, such as Staphylococcus and Candida spp., are frequently found at these sites [1,3,4,6,8,9].…”

“…Peri-implantitis is known to affect 5-10% of osseointegrated dental implants. Peri-implant mucositis is a related inflammatory process that affects only the soft tissues and is reversible [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Peri‐implantitis: from diagnosis to therapeutics

“…The frequency of implant failure in a partial loss of teeth was significantly higher than in a total loss 9 . However, study by Renvert et al.…”

“…The degradation of connective tissue is followed by bone destruction, which marks the borderline between peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis 8 . Bacterial contamination of the microgap in two‐stage implant systems may play an important role in the development of peri‐implantitis 9 . Microbiota associated with peri‐implantitis is more complex than that found under healthy peri‐implant conditions as well as periodontally healthy teeth or periodontitis.…”