Management of infectious complications in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Grant, I.; Armstrong, Donald

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(86)90515-2

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Early in the AIDS epidemic, infections by organisms taking advantage of T cell defects were described. Subsequently, infections due to depressed humoral immunity have been reported [22,23]. T-helper dysfunction secondary to HIV infection not only deranges T cell antigen recognition and response, but also indirectly interferes with effective B cell differentiation and efficient protective antibody response to new antigens [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune response within the lung in HIV-1 infection

Moja¹,

Jalil²,

Quesnel³

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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In order to study the humoral immune defences in the respiratory tract during HIV‐1 infection, we measured the levels, local productions and anti‐HIV and antibacterial activities of IgG and IgA in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum of 61 adult patients with severe HIV infection and of 56 HIV− controls. Albumin was used as the serum transudation factor. The increase of immunoglobulin levels in the serum of HIV‐infected patients was confirmed. The IgG level was also increased in epithelial lining fluid (ELF), whereas the total IgA level was unchanged and secretory IgA (SIgA) level was decreased. The ELF/serum immunoglobulin ratios suggested that the IgG present in ELF resulted mainly from transudation, in contrast to SIgA, which was synthesized locally in controls but greatly diminished in HIV‐infected patients. IgG to HIV‐1 could be detected in BALF of all the patients, but IgA to HIV‐1 only in 30% of patients. BAL IgG reacted more consistently and with a broader array of HIV‐1 antigens than did IgA. BAL IgA, when present in samples, reacted primarily with viral envelope antigens. Because IgA specificities to some HIV‐1 antigens were detected more intensively by BAL than by serum immunoglobulins, we conclude that the mucosal immune response is distinct from that in serum. IgG antibody activity to Streptococcus pneumoniae was decreased in HIV‐infected patients' sera, and IgA antibody activities to S. pneumoniae and to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were decreased in ELF in HIV‐infected patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune response within the lung in HIV-1 infection

Moja¹,

Jalil²,

Quesnel³

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…This c h a n g e d with the dramatically increasing incidence of AIDS. AIDS patients seem to be particularly prone to generalized infections due to the M. avium species [8,12,24]. Since clinical studies show that prophylaxis or early therapy of infections (e.g., Pneumocystis carinii) prolong life in these patients, the early diagnosis of infections became increasingly important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It appears late in the course of the disease and generalization occurs in 50% to 90% of these patients [8,9,12]. Conventional methods are not satisfactory for diagnosis of M. avium infections as the culture and identification of M. avium takes several weeks or months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and analysis of specific monoclonal antibodies against the cell wall of Mycobacterium avium

Wagner

Klause

Mauch

1992

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Mycobacterium avium were produced which specifically reacted with cell walls of M. avium. The binding pattern was not limited to one subtype. The three most specific mAbs showed binding to the outer surface of M. avium but not to other mycobacterial or bacterial cell surfaces. The combined results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot and dot blot showed that mAb 4A006 bound to an epitope located in the cell wall and on the cell surface and mAb 4A010 to an epitope exposed on the cell surface and the cytoplasm. The mAb 4A009-binding epitope was only detectable on the cell surface but not in the cell wall or cytoplasmic fractions of M. avium. In the immunoblot technic a protein antigen with a molecular mass of 27-29 kDa was identified by the mAbs. The mAb 4A006 reacted with 142 out of 143 M. avium subtypes 1, 4 and 8 obtained from AIDS patients. These mAbs seem to be applicable for the identification of M. avium complex after culture.

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“…Subsequently, infections due to depressed humoral immunity have been reported [22,23]. T-helper dysfunction secondary to HIV infection not only deranges T cell antigen recognition and response, but also indirectly interferes with effective B cell differentiation and efficient protective antibody response to new antigens [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

1997

Clin Exp Immunol

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Management of infectious complications in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Cited by 22 publications

References 69 publications

Humoral immune response within the lung in HIV-1 infection

Humoral immune response within the lung in HIV-1 infection

Production and analysis of specific monoclonal antibodies against the cell wall of Mycobacterium avium

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