Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Inzucchi, Silvio E.; Bergenstal, Richard M.; Buse, John B.; Diamant, Michaëla; Ferrannini, Ele; Nauck, Michael A.; Peters, Anne L.; Τσάπας, Απόστολος; Wender, Richard C.; Matthews, David R.

doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2534-0

Cited by 1,791 publications

(1,362 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Besides insulin therapy, GLP-1 receptor agonists (exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide) offer new opportunities for the management of T2DM [55] . A recent review describes the PK and safety aspects of the currently available GLP-1 receptor agonists [56] .…”

Section: Glp-1 Receptor Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatic Safety of Incretin-Based Therapies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Scheen

2014

Clin Pharmacokinet

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SUMMARYPatients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of chronic liver disease such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis, and about one third of cirrhotic patients have diabetes. However, the use of several antidiabetic agents, such as metformin and sulphonylureas, may be a concern in case of hepatic impairment (HI). New glucose-lowering agents targeting the incretin system are increasingly used for the management of type 2 diabetes. Incretin-based therapies comprise oral inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) (gliptins) or injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. This narrative review summarizes the available data regarding the use of both incretin-based therapies in patients with HI. In contrast to old glucose-lowering agents, they were evaluated in specifically designed acute pharmacokinetic studies in patients with various degrees of HI and -Obese patients with type 2 diabetes often have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or steatohepatitis and the use of incretin-based therapies appears mostly favourable in these patients regarding both efficacy and safety.-There is no reported clinical experience with the use of either DPP-4 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists in diabetic patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment, so that caution is required in patients with advanced cirrhosis.

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Section: Glp-1 Receptor Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatic Safety of Incretin-Based Therapies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Scheen

2014

Clin Pharmacokinet

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“…Except metformin, traditional glucose-lowering medications for T2DM (sulphonylureas, glitazones, insulin) can further increase weight in overweight/obese patients 21 and this may undermine the benefits of improved glycaemic control 7 . Even if a link between drug-induced weight gain and increased CV risk has not been established yet, pharmacological approaches that do not cause weight gain or promote weight loss, for example those that target the gut (incretin-based therapies) 22 or the kidneys (sodium glucose cotransporter-2 or SGLT-2 inhibitors) 23 , may represent a valuable alternative in selected patients despite their higher cost 21 .…”

Section: Impact Of Glucose Control On Body Weight Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even if a link between drug-induced weight gain and increased CV risk has not been established yet, pharmacological approaches that do not cause weight gain or promote weight loss, for example those that target the gut (incretin-based therapies) 22 or the kidneys (sodium glucose cotransporter-2 or SGLT-2 inhibitors) 23 , may represent a valuable alternative in selected patients despite their higher cost 21 .…”

Section: Impact Of Glucose Control On Body Weight Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They include GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), the enzyme that inactivates these two incretin hormones in the body 38 . Weight neutrality of DPP-4 inhibitors (also called gliptins) while improving glucose control 78 may be an advantage in the management of overweight/obese patients with T2DM compared with other glucose-lowering agents known to promote weight gain (see above) 21 . Furthermore, these new compounds do not expose patients to hypoglycaemia (except when added to insulin or sulphonylureas) 78 and may also exert favourable effects on various CV risk factors 79 .…”

Section: Glp-1 Receptor Agonists and Dpp-4 Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combating the dual burden: therapeutic targeting of common pathways in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Scheen

Gaal

2014

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

162

125

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New glucose-lowering therapies, especially glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, offer advantages over traditional antidiabetic agents by promoting weight loss while improving glucose control. . The present review will explore the overlapping pathophysiology and also how the various therapies can, alone or in combination, combat the 'dual burden' of obesity and T2DM. Word count: 249

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“…healthcare delivery that puts the patient at the forefront of all decision-making and treatment and which has been associated with benefits in physical and psychological outcomes (2,3); as a result, it has been adopted by healthcare systems such as the UK's NHS.…”

Section: That Is Respectful Of and Responsive To Individual Patient Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining patient-centred care in dentistry? A systematic review of the dental literature

2016

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This paper presents the results of a systematic review, designed to explore how patient -centred care is defined in the dental literature. An electronic search of MEDLINE (1946MEDLINE ( -2012, Embase (1980Embase ( -2012 PsycINFO (1806PsycINFO ( -2012, the Cochrane Library and non-peer reviewed literature was conducted using a standardised search protocol. Definitions of patient centred care were identified and scored using standard scoring criteria to evaluate quality of definition and quality of evidence. The findings showed that there is currently no shared definition of what constitutes patient-centred care in dentistry and the available data come from low quality studies.

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Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Cited by 1,791 publications

References 133 publications

Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatic Safety of Incretin-Based Therapies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatic Safety of Incretin-Based Therapies for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Combating the dual burden: therapeutic targeting of common pathways in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Defining patient-centred care in dentistry? A systematic review of the dental literature

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