Management of groundwater resources in transboundary territories (on the example of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Estonia)

Abstract

Groundwater, as a source of water supply, the most important mineral and geopolitical resource, , is often the only source of high-quality drinking water that is protected from pollution under conditions of increasing deterioration of surface water quality. Transboundary groundwaters are the focus of hydrogeological researchers for a number of reasons, including the reduction and pollution of water resources as a result of economic activities. The increased controversy between states over transboundary water issues has necessitated the development of international legal documents on issues related to water conflict prevention and the sustainable use of fresh water. As part of the analysis of the problem of legal regulation of groundwater extraction from transboundary aquifers and complexes, it is proposed to consider this aspect on the example of Russia. The problems of regulation of rational use and protection of fresh water in the bilateral treaties of the Russian Federation were revealed; a methodology for the management of groundwater extraction in the territory of the transboundary aquifer was developed, the size, parameters, and factors influencing the formation of the transboundary zone have been determined (based on research and analysis of water intake activities in the border areas of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Estonia) were determined.

The development of the soderberg electrolyzer electromagnetic field’s state monitoring system

“…Speaking about the methodological component, it is important to mention, that in modern economic conditions, the development of a software and hardware complex should be carried out under strict weight and size conditions while minimizing production costs. As was shown in works 45 – 48 , taking into account the limitations 49 – 53 , the economic assessment of the work consists not only of internal and external factors, but also of the market’s current state. Most parameters of the current state are associated with the demand of the goods and services on the market.…”

Energy Transition in Vietnam: A Strategic Analysis and Forecast

“…Solar radiation intensity ranges from 897 to 2108 kWh/m 2 /year, equivalent to 2.46 to 5.77 kWh/m 2 /day. The highest radiation intensity is concentrated in the Central Highlands and southern provinces like Dak Lak, Gia Lai, Nha Trang, Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan, Tay Ninh, and Binh Phuoc [39].…”

Methodology to Increase the Efficiency of the Mineral Water Extraction Process

“…Regional sources of pollution include intensive agricultural and irrigated areas, where mineral and organic fertilizers and crop treatments are systematically applied; residential and industrial areas in urban districts with a concentration of pollution in groundwater associated with storage sites; and discharges and leaks of industrial and urban liquid and solid fuels. Areas that store hydrocarbon products underground are mentioned [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60].…”