Management of fungal root‐rot pathogens in tropical<i>Acacia mangium</i>plantations

Eyles, Alieta; Beadle, C. L.; Barry, KM; Francis, AA; Glen, Morag; Mohammed, CL

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2008.00549.x

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…is a fast-growing tree mainly used in forestry for the production of paper and solid wood products and for ecological restoration (Eyles et al 2008, Coetzee et al 2011. Its taxonomic name is A. mangium, while its common name is black wattle (English) and brown salwood (Australian standard trade name).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Acacia mangium in eucalypt mixed-species plantations during drought conditions in the Congolese coastal plains

Koutika¹,

Mareschal

Rudowsky³

2018

Bosque (Valdivia)

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SUMMARYA mixed-species plantation of Acacia mangium (acacia) and Eucalyptus urophilla x grandis (eucalypt) hybrid was established on the Arenosols of the coastal Congolese plains to improve soil fertility and sustain forest plantation productivity. At one year into the second rotation, some of the acacia started to exhibit yellowing and drying of leaves, resulting in the death of the whole tree. One-third of the pure acacias (100A) and the mixed, 50 % acacia and 50 % eucalypt (50A50E) hybrid, exhibited these characteristics five months later. To limit the damage, the acacias were pruned up to 1.30 meters. The acacias were threatened by a dry season that extended two months longer than during the previous year, probably triggered by sandy textured soils and poor soil fertility (nitrogen < 0.07 % in the 0.05 meters). Soil moisture to a depth of 0.15 meters was higher under eucalypt compared to acacia. It appears that the acacia root structure may have been less tolerant to drought conditions compared with the eucalypts, leading to damage of acacias, which was exacerbated by the acacia's young age, poor soil fertility and sandy soil texture. One year after pruning, acacias in both 100A and 50A50E presented a healthier tree structure. Furthermore, no negative impact on aboveground biomass -i.e., wood, bark, leaves and branch-has been recorded at 12 and 24 months.Key words: young plantation, dry season, arenosols, pruning. RESUMENPlantaciones mixtas de Acacia mangium (acacia) y el híbrido de Eucalyptus urophilla x grandis (eucalipto) se establecieron en Arenosoles de las llanuras costeras congoleñas para mejorar la fertilidad del suelo y mantener la productividad de las plantaciones forestales. Un año después de la segunda rotación, parte de la acacia mostró un color amarillento y el secado de hojas, lo que provocó la muerte de todo el árbol. Un tercio de las acacias puras (100A) y el híbrido mixto, 50 % de acacia y 50 % de eucalipto (50A50E) exhibieron estas características cinco meses después. Para limitar el daño, las acacias fueron podadas hasta 1,3 m. Las acacias se vieron amenazadas por una estación seca que se extendió dos meses más que el año anterior, probablemente desencadenada por los suelos de textura arenosa, y la fertilidad del suelo (nitrógeno < 0,07 % en 0-5 cm). La humedad del suelo a una profundidad de 15 cm fue mayor bajo eucalipto en comparación con acacia. La estructura de la raíz de acacia pudo haber sido menos tolerante a las condiciones de sequía en comparación con los eucaliptos, lo que ha provocado daños en las acacias, que se han visto agravados por la juventud de la acacia, la fertilidad del suelo y la textura del suelo arenoso. Un año después de la poda, la acacia en 100A y 50A50E presentó estructura de árbol más saludable. Además, no se registró ningún impacto negativo en la biomasa aérea, es decir, madera, corteza, hojas y ramas a los 12 y 24 meses.Palabras clave: plantación joven, estación seca, arenosoles, poda.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Acacia mangium in eucalypt mixed-species plantations during drought conditions in the Congolese coastal plains

Koutika¹,

Mareschal

Rudowsky³

2018

Bosque (Valdivia)

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“…estates managed for pulp wood, root-rot incidence of up to 28% in stands aged 3-5 years has been recorded in Indonesia (Irianto et al 2006). The disease-management strategies for this highly susceptible host species are limited (Eyles et al 2008). ex Sacc) Bress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signs and identification of fungal root‐rot pathogens in tropical Eucalyptus pellita plantations

et al. 2014

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This study describes and identifies the fungi associated with root-rot disease in Eucalyptus pellita, associated anecdotally with a species of Phellinus. Macro-and microscopic morphological observations and DNA analysis were used to identify sporocarps and fungal cultures growing from symptomatic root samples. Investigation of 12 sites in Central Sumatra revealed that red root-rot disease caused by species of Ganoderma (most commonly Ganoderma philippii) was as prevalent as root disease caused by Phellinus noxius. The study also detected the presence of several potential fungal agents of root rot at any one site. Fungal signs such as absence/presence of sporocarps were a poor indicator of root-rot incidence in stands. Instead, fungal isolation from infected roots was essential to obtain accurate identification of active pathogens.

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“…In Indonesia and Malaysia, root rot, which tends to occur in patches spreading from initial development, has compromised the results of many genetic trials, making determination of genetic parameters difficult. No substantial differences in susceptibility to root rot have been detected among A. mangium provenances (Eyles et al 2008). Screening A. mangium for resistance to Ceratocystis stem canker (the ability to resist infection) and tolerance (the ability to contain spread of this disease once infection occurs) is reported by Brawner et al (2015).…”

Section: Progress In Pure-species and Hybrid Breedingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genetic improvement of tropical acacias: achievements and challenges

Harwood

Hardiyanto

Yong

2015

Southern Forests: a Journal of Forest Science

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Three acacia species, Acacia auriculiformis, A. crassicarpa and A. mangium, dominate over 2 million ha of tropical acacia plantations worldwide. Species and provenance trials carried out in the 1980s and 1990s established the fastest-growing regions of provenance for each species, and most current breeding populations comprise open-pollinated families from several, or many, local provenances sourced from these favoured regions. Provenance-progeny trials are thinned to seedling seed orchards (SSOs), which yield both selected progenies for the next generation of breeding and operational seed for plantations. Clonal forestry has been successfully developed for A. auriculiformis and the hybrid between A. mangium and A. auriculiformis. In many instances production of improved seed in seed orchards has not been adequate to meet planting demand; strategies to address this have been (1) the establishment of additional unpedigreed seed production areas of broad and superior genetic base, and (2) clonal family forestry to multiply elite seed families. Controlled pollination of acacias is technically demanding, so is not suitable for advancing main breeding populations. Substantial (50-100%) gains in wood volume production have been demonstrated in trials comparing seed from first-generation SSOs or selected clones with inferior provenances and land races, but volume gains in subsequent cycles of breeding will be smaller. The potential for genetic improvement in form traits and wood properties has also been demonstrated. Genetic improvement objectives must now give heavy weighting to improving disease resistance and tolerance. Ganoderma root rot and Ceratocystis stem wilt have destroyed large areas of acacia plantations in Indonesia and Malaysia. Since clonal deployment of resistant genotypes is the quickest and most effective way of delivering resistant planting material, ongoing research to develop clonal forestry for A. crassicarpa and A. mangium is warranted. Novel interspecific hybrid combinations might deliver useful genetic variation for breeding.

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Management of fungal root‐rot pathogens in tropicalAcacia mangiumplantations

Cited by 37 publications

References 126 publications

Fate of Acacia mangium in eucalypt mixed-species plantations during drought conditions in the Congolese coastal plains

Fate of Acacia mangium in eucalypt mixed-species plantations during drought conditions in the Congolese coastal plains

Signs and identification of fungal root‐rot pathogens in tropical Eucalyptus pellita plantations

Genetic improvement of tropical acacias: achievements and challenges

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