Management of Fluid Mud in Estuaries, Bays, and Lakes. I: Present State of Understanding on Character and Behavior

McAnally, William H.; Friedrichs, Carl T.; Hamilton, Douglas S.; Hayter, Earl J.; Shrestha, Parmeshwar L.; Rodriguez, Hugo; Sheremet, A.; Teeter, Allen M.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2007)133:1(9)

Cited by 178 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A widely reported and generally accepted SSC value is 10 g/L (Kineke and Sternberg, 1995;Kirby, 1988;Manning, Langston, and Jonas, 2010;Ross and Mehta, 1989;Wells and Coleman, 1981). In general, fluid mud is a mixture of water, clay, silt, and particulate organic matter (POM) (McAnally et al, 2007). In more energetic environments, very fine and fine sands are sometimes additional constituents (McAnally et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, fluid mud is a mixture of water, clay, silt, and particulate organic matter (POM) (McAnally et al, 2007). In more energetic environments, very fine and fine sands are sometimes additional constituents (McAnally et al, 2007). At higher fluid mud concentrations, downward settling of particles is inhibited by upward escaping fluid and the progressive development of a particle-supported framework structure (Kineke and Sternberg, 1995;Nichols, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedimentological and Rheological Properties of the Water–Solid Bed Interface in the Weser and Ems Estuaries, North Sea, Germany: Implications for Fluid Mud Classification

Papenmeier

Schrottke

Bartholomä

et al. 2013

Journal of Coastal Research

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Papenmeier, S.; Schrottke, K.; Bartholomä , A. and Flemming, B.W., 0000. Sedimentological and rheological properties of the water-solid bed interface in the Weser and Ems estuaries, North Sea, Germany: implications for fluid mud classification. Journal of Coastal Research, 00(0), 000-000. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Fine, cohesive sediment suspensions are a common feature of estuarine environments. Generally, multilayer models are used to describe the vertical distribution of such sediments. Such conceptional models normally distinguish at least high suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs) as a topmost layer and a consolidated bed layer, often including an intermediate, fluid mud layer. Rheological, and in particular sedimentological properties are rarely included in these models. New data from two different estuaries provide new insights that can contribute toward the classification of nearbed cohesive sediments.The water-solid bed interfaces within the turbidity maximum zones of the Weser and Ems estuaries were sampled with 2-4-m-long cores. At 10-cm intervals, values of SSC, viscosity, particulate organic matter, mud : sand ratio, temperature, salinity, and grain-size distributions were determined. By normalizing these parameters to SSC and performing a cluster analysis, sediment suspensions of ,20 g/L SSC, fluid mud with up to 500 g/L SSC, and an underlying cohesive/consolidated bed can each clearly be distinguished. However, changes in flow behaviour and sedimentological characteristics represented by a shift in the cluster grouping support a subdivision of the fluid mud into a low-viscosity (I) (20-200 g/L SSC) and a high-viscosity (II) (200-500 g/L SSC) layer. Furthermore, by normalizing SSC measurements, site-specific differences were observed in the rheological behaviour of the fluid mud which might be caused by differences in grain-size composition. This suggests that the widely accepted 3-layer model of vertical SSC profiles should be extended by two layers of fluid mud identified in this study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentological and Rheological Properties of the Water–Solid Bed Interface in the Weser and Ems Estuaries, North Sea, Germany: Implications for Fluid Mud Classification

Papenmeier

Schrottke

Bartholomä

et al. 2013

Journal of Coastal Research

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“…The flocculent "fluff " usually consists of newly deposited POM, and can sustain rich microbial communities, also being a valuable food resource for benthic fauna (Laima et al, 2002). Fluid muds containing high concentrations of fine particular material are distinctive for the major delta-forming rivers, but also common in other coastal systems (McAnally et al, 2007). They may be subject to repetitive redox successions and mixing of refractory riverine material with more labile estuarine organic matter (Aller, 1998;Aller and Blair, 2006).…”

Section: The Continuum Of the Benthic-pelagic Boundary Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Marine Sediment Biogeochemistry: Current Knowledge Gaps, Challenges, and Some Methodological Advice for Advancement

et al. 2018

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The benthic environment is a crucial component of marine systems in the provision of ecosystem services, sustaining biodiversity and in climate regulation, and therefore important to human society. With the contemporary increase in computational power, model resolution and technological improvements in quality and quantity of benthic data, it is necessary to ensure that benthic systems are appropriately represented in coupled benthic-pelagic biogeochemical and ecological modelling studies. In this paper we focus on five topical challenges related to various aspects of modelling benthic environments: organic matter reactivity, dynamics of benthic-pelagic boundary layer, microphytobenthos, biological transport and small-scale heterogeneity, and impacts of episodic events. We discuss current gaps in their understanding and indicate plausible ways ahead. Further, we propose a three-pronged approach for the advancement of benthic and benthic-pelagic modelling, essential for improved understanding, management and prediction of the marine environment. This includes: (A) development of a traceable and hierarchical framework for benthic-pelagic models, which will facilitate integration among models, reduce risk of bias, and clarify model limitations; (B) extended cross-disciplinary approach to promote effective collaboration between modelling and empirical scientists of various backgrounds and better involvement of stakeholders and end-users; (C) a common vocabulary for terminology used in benthic modelling, to promote model development and integration, and also to enhance mutual understanding.

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“…The Delft3d model (Deltares, 2013) simulates flocculation as a function of salinity in which the effective settling velocity varies from the particulate values to the flocculent settling velocity as the salinity varies from near zero to about 5 ppt. Typically the flocculent settling velocity is of the order of 1 mm/s while the colloidal clay settles at about 10 um/s (McAnally et al, 2007). Tests on site specific sediments are required to determine the flocculent settling velocity.…”

Section: Deposition Of Silt and Clay Particles In A Coastal Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salinity and particle concentration on sediment hydrodynamics and critical bed-shear-stress for erosion of fine grained sediments used in wetland restoration projects

et al. 2015

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Sea-level rise, the increasing number and intensity of storms, oil and groundwater extraction, and coastal land subsidence are putting people and property at risk along Louisiana's coast, with major implications for human safety and economic health of coastal areas. A major goal towards re-establishing a healthy and sustainable coastal ecosystem has been to rebuild Louisiana's disappearing wetlands with fine grained sediments that are dredged or diverted from nearby rivers, channels and lakes to build land in open water areas. A thorough geo-hydrodynamic characterization of the deposited sediments is important in the correct design and a more realistic outcome assessment of the long-term performance measures for ongoing coastal restoration projects. This paper evaluates the effects of salinity and solid particle concentration on the re-suspension characteristics of fine-grained dredged sediments obtained from multiple geographic locations along the Gulf coast. The critical bed-shear-stress for erosion has been evaluated as a function of sedimentation time. The sediment hydrodynamic properties obtained from the laboratory testing were used in a numerical coastal sediment distribution model to aid in evaluating sediment diversions from the Mississippi River into Breton Sound and Barataria Bay.

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Management of Fluid Mud in Estuaries, Bays, and Lakes. I: Present State of Understanding on Character and Behavior

Cited by 178 publications

References 47 publications

Sedimentological and Rheological Properties of the Water–Solid Bed Interface in the Weser and Ems Estuaries, North Sea, Germany: Implications for Fluid Mud Classification

Sedimentological and Rheological Properties of the Water–Solid Bed Interface in the Weser and Ems Estuaries, North Sea, Germany: Implications for Fluid Mud Classification

Modelling Marine Sediment Biogeochemistry: Current Knowledge Gaps, Challenges, and Some Methodological Advice for Advancement

Effects of salinity and particle concentration on sediment hydrodynamics and critical bed-shear-stress for erosion of fine grained sediments used in wetland restoration projects

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