Management of Eye Trauma for the Primary Care Physician

Abstract

Eye trauma is frequently seen by non-ophthalmology providers. This article elucidates a methodological approach to eye trauma. The first step is to address any life-threatening conditions. Then a focused history and exam is discussed, starting externally. Then, key history, physical, pathophysiology, and basic management of common, serious eye injuries are discussed: chemical injury, orbital fractures, open globe, traumatic hyphema, retinal detachment, traumatic optic neuropathy, and eyelid laceration. Finally, we highlight the practicality of telemedicine for areas where ophthalmology coverage is lacking.

Epidemiology of ocular trauma in the elderly: A population-based study

“…Ocular trauma causes vision-threatening conditions such as retinal detachment, corneal opacity, cataracts, and glaucoma, which would result in vision impairment. 42 On the other hand, people with visual impairment due to ocular diseases may be more susceptible to ocular trauma. Management of vision disorders is not only important after an isolated trauma event, but also it can be effective in preventing further ocular injuries in the long term.…”

Clinical characteristics, etiologies, co-injuries, and visual outcomes of eyelid lacerations

“…The first indication for surgery was defined as deterioration of the shape and function of the eyelid and a laceration length of 2 mm or longer [7]. Because open globe injury is a contraindication to periocular and periorbital manipulation [3,15], globe repairs were performed first, followed by eyelid repairs. All upper and lower canalicular lacerations were simultaneously repaired using a canalicular stent under the operating microscope [16,17].…”