Abstract:Management of endoscopic complications is a pertinent aspect of patient care that has received great attention in the past decade due to advancements and increases in complexity of therapeutic endoscopy. Working groups from various institutions such as American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy have devised detailed guidelines and management algorithms. Three main factors that contribute to endoscopic complications are patient, operator, and type o… Show more
“…Data from the published literature on patients with T1 CRC at the mean age of 65 years were used as inputs for the model. 7,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Hospital and treatment costs reflected Medicare reimbursement rates.…”
IMPORTANCEColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. The prognosis for patients with CRC varies widely, but new prognostic biomarkers provide the opportunity to implement a more individualized approach to treatment selection. OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of 3 therapeutic strategies, namely, endoscopic therapy (ET), laparoscopic colectomy (LC), and open colectomy (OC), for patients with T1 CRC with biomarker profiles that prognosticate varying levels of tumor progression in the US payer perspective. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this economic evaluation study, a Markov model was developed for the cost-effectiveness analysis. Risks of all-cause mortality and recurrent cancer after ET, LC, or OC were estimated with a 35-year time horizon. Quality of life was based on EuroQoL 5 Dimensions scores reported in the published literature. Hospital and treatment costs reflected Medicare reimbursement rates. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Data from patients with T1 CRC and 6 biomarker profiles that included adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), TP53 and/or KRAS, or BRAFV600E were used as inputs for the model. Data analyses were conducted from February 27, 2019, to May 13, 2019. EXPOSURES Endoscopic therapy, LC, and OC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were unadjusted life-years, qualityadjusted life-years (QALYs), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between competing treatment strategies. RESULTS Endoscopic therapy had the highest QALYs and the lowest cost and was the dominant treatment strategy for T1 CRC with the following biomarker profiles: BRAFV600E, APC(1)/KRAS/TP53, APC(2) or APC(2)/KRAS or APC(2)/TP53, or APC(1) or APC(1)/KRAS or APC(1)/TP53. The QALYs gained
“…Data from the published literature on patients with T1 CRC at the mean age of 65 years were used as inputs for the model. 7,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Hospital and treatment costs reflected Medicare reimbursement rates.…”
IMPORTANCEColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. The prognosis for patients with CRC varies widely, but new prognostic biomarkers provide the opportunity to implement a more individualized approach to treatment selection. OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of 3 therapeutic strategies, namely, endoscopic therapy (ET), laparoscopic colectomy (LC), and open colectomy (OC), for patients with T1 CRC with biomarker profiles that prognosticate varying levels of tumor progression in the US payer perspective. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this economic evaluation study, a Markov model was developed for the cost-effectiveness analysis. Risks of all-cause mortality and recurrent cancer after ET, LC, or OC were estimated with a 35-year time horizon. Quality of life was based on EuroQoL 5 Dimensions scores reported in the published literature. Hospital and treatment costs reflected Medicare reimbursement rates. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Data from patients with T1 CRC and 6 biomarker profiles that included adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), TP53 and/or KRAS, or BRAFV600E were used as inputs for the model. Data analyses were conducted from February 27, 2019, to May 13, 2019. EXPOSURES Endoscopic therapy, LC, and OC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were unadjusted life-years, qualityadjusted life-years (QALYs), and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between competing treatment strategies. RESULTS Endoscopic therapy had the highest QALYs and the lowest cost and was the dominant treatment strategy for T1 CRC with the following biomarker profiles: BRAFV600E, APC(1)/KRAS/TP53, APC(2) or APC(2)/KRAS or APC(2)/TP53, or APC(1) or APC(1)/KRAS or APC(1)/TP53. The QALYs gained
“…[36][37][38] However, when performing endoscopy directly in the bile duct, special caution is needed to avoid air embolism, such as using CO 2 insufflation instead of air insufflation. 39,40…”
Section: A C Bmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…DPOC-guided lithotripsy was reported to have a high overall stone clearance rate of 84.6%–90%, although the studies included a small number of patients [ 36 - 38 ]. However, when performing endoscopy directly in the bile duct, special caution is needed to avoid air embolism, such as using CO 2 insufflation instead of air insufflation [ 39 , 40 ].…”
Since the introduction of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy in 1974, 1,2 the management of bile duct stones has shifted from surgical bile duct exploration to an endoscopic approach. However, there is a 15% failure rate of bile duct stone removal with standard biliary sphincterotomy plus stone extraction with either a balloon, a basket catheter, or their combination. 3 Stone factors (e.g., size, number, or shape), bile duct factors (e.g., associated stricture, narrowing, or angulation), and the relationship between the stone and the bile duct (e.g., impact
“…Specifically, for severe cases, risk of recurrent bleeding is high. Therefore, with any patient, it is important to weigh the risks and benefits before performing treatment [51,52].…”
Section: Complications Of Endoscopic Therapymentioning
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