Management of combined anteriorcruciate ligament/posterior cruciate ligament/posterolateral complex injuries of the knee

Treatment of PCL, ACL, and Lateral-Side Knee Injuries: Acute and Chronic

“…7a, b). 5,32,33 This technique was successful in restoring varus stability in 97% of the patients. He also found that posterolateral rotatory stability was normalized in only 27% of the patients and over 70% of the knees were actually tighter than normal.…”

Current Concepts in the Recognition and Treatment of Posterolateral Corner Injuries of the Knee

“…Injuries to the PLC can be graded using 2 different classifications proposed by Hughston 28 and Fanelli 17 that are based on the amount of excessive laxity or structures involved (taBle). Hughston 28 reported 3 grades to classify collateral ligament injuries of the knee. Grade 1+ instability is indicated by opening of the affected joint by an amount of 0 to 5 mm with varus stress; grade 2+ is indicated by opening of 6 to 10 mm; and grade 3+ with an opening of greater than 10 mm.…”

Arthroscopic Double-Bundle Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgical Technique

“…An extracapsular, extra-articular, posteromedial safety incision 1.5 to 2.0 cm long is created. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]18,20 The crural fascia is incised longitudinally, taking precautions to protect the neurovascular structures. The interval is developed between the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and the posterior capsule of the knee joint.…”

“…Adherence to these technical points results in successful single-bundle and double-bundle arthroscopic transtibial tunnel PCL reconstruction documented with stress radiography, arthrometer, knee ligament rating scales, and patient satisfaction measurements. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] This article illustrates our surgical technique of the arthroscopic single-bundle and double-bundle-double-femoral-tunnel transtibial PCL reconstruction surgical procedure. Anatomy, biomechanics, incidence, and mechanism of injury, classification and diagnosis, postoperative rehabilitation, and results are presented in the PCL ''Current Concepts'' article in this issue of The Journal of Knee Surgery.…”